{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,25]],"date-time":"2026-07-25T03:59:54Z","timestamp":1784951994367,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,10]],"date-time":"2005-03-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1110412800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Problem:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The therapeutic value of progestogens in threatened abortion is still under debate. In the presence of sufficient progesterone levels during pregnancy, lymphocytes synthesize a mediator [progesterone\u2010induced blocking factor (PIBF)] that is anti\u2010abortive in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dydrogesterone on pregnancy outcome of threatened aborters.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method of Study:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010seven threatened aborters were treated for 10\u2003days with dydrogesterone (30\u201340\u2003mg\/day). Sixteen healthy pregnant controls received no treatment. Serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations as well as urine PIBF concentrations were measured by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Pregnancy outcomes in dydrogesterone\u2010treated threatened aborters did not statistically differ from those in healthy controls. Serum progesterone concentrations in control patients, but not those in threatened aborters increased as pregnancy progressed. Following dydrogesterone treatment, initially low PIBF concentrations of threatened aborters significantly increased (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.001) to reach the PIBF level found in healthy controls.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> These data suggest that by inducing PIBF production, dydrogesterone might improve pregnancy success rates in threatened aborters.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2005.00261.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,10]],"date-time":"2005-03-10T19:19:34Z","timestamp":1110482374000},"page":"166-171","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":49,"title":["The Impact of Dydrogesterone Supplementation on Hormonal Profile and Progesterone\u2010induced Blocking Factor Concentrations in Women with Threatened Abortion"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Jaros\u0142aw","family":"Kalinka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Julia","family":"Szekeres\u2010Bartho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,3,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0378(83)90237-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"128","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.155.1.128","article-title":"Progesterone favors the development of human T helper cells producing Th2\u2010type cytokines and promotes both IL\u20104 production and membrane CD30 expression in established T cell clones","volume":"155","author":"Piccinni MP","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.suppl_1.46"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1985.tb00334.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(89)90077-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/cimm.1997.1090"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00295.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"273","DOI":"10.1016\/0008-8749(90)90083-4","article-title":"Reactivity of lymphocytes to a progesterone receptor\u2010specific monoclonal antibody","volume":"125","author":"Szekeres\u2010Bartho J","journal-title":"Cell Immunol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1999.tb00468.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0897.2002.01105.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/15.9.2011"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1997.tb00321.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2003.02082.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2003.02100.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0165-0378(96)00964-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_17_2","first-page":"44","article-title":"Randomised clinical trial comparing the efficacy of dydrogesterone, human chorionic gonadothropin or no treatment in the reduction of spontaneous abortion","volume":"15","author":"El\u2010Zibdeh MY","year":"2001","journal-title":"Gynecol Endocrinol"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1095\/biolreprod.104.030437"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.steroids.2003.08.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humrep\/12.3.602"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0301-2115(96)02421-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0368-2315(04)96404-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.329.7458.152"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/14651858.CD003511"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.172.10.5893"},{"key":"e_1_2_13_26_2","article-title":"Modulation of cytokine production by dydrogesterone in lymphocytes from women with recurrent abortion","author":"Raghupathy R","journal-title":"BJOG published online 1 March 2005; 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