{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T14:36:33Z","timestamp":1776263793394,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,5]],"date-time":"2005-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1123200000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>The study was undertaken to investigate T\u2010cell receptor (TCR) variable <jats:italic>\u03b2<\/jats:italic> (BV)\u2010chain usage at maternal\u2013fetal interface and explore the relationship between the skewed TCR\u2010BV usage and unexplained pregnancy losses.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Method of study<\/jats:title><jats:p>A total of 57 patients with unexplained pregnancy loss including 39 cases with unexplained spontaneous abortion and 18 cases with unexplained recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA) were chosen in Renji Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University matched with 41 women with normal pregnancies in first trimester between September 2002 and November 2003. A high\u2010resolution spectratyping analysis of complementarity\u2010determining region 3 (CDR3) was used to detect and compare the degree and pattern of TCR\u2010BV repertoire usage at the maternal\u2013fetal interface between patients with pregnancy loss and normal controls.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There were two comparisons of TCR usage performed between patients and controls, which included the degree (mean value of every TCR\u2010BVn expression) and the pattern (skewed TCR\u2010BVn frequency). The skewed TCR\u2010BVn is defined as an absolute BVn usage of &gt;5% calculated from the formula or a double increased BVn usage compared with the mean value of normal BVn. According to the degree of TCR\u2010BV usage, BV2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.046), BV10 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.016), and BV11 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.030) in spontaneous abortion group and BV19 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.038) in RSA group showed higher usage, while BV5.2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.006 and <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.046) in both abortion groups showed significantly lower usage when compared with normal controls. About the pattern of skewed TCR\u2010BV distribution, we found that TCR\u2010BV2, \u20103, \u20106, and \u20107 were the four most common BV families in deciduas of patients with both types of abortion and normal controls. Women with spontaneous abortion demonstrated higher frequency of BV10 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.035) and lower frequencies of BV4 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.002) and BV5.2 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003= 0.003) in comparison with controls. In RSA, higher frequencies of BV15 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.018), BV19 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.049), and BV20 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.018), in the mean time, lower frequencies of BV4 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.026) and BV7 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20030.018) distributions were verified.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our results suggested that a significant skewed TCR\u2010BV repertoire occurred at the maternal\u2013fetal interface with patients undergoing abortion. The specific skewed usages of TCR\u2010BV might be associated with the susceptibility to unexplained pregnancy loss.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2005.00291.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,5]],"date-time":"2005-08-05T16:16:18Z","timestamp":1123258578000},"page":"84-95","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["The Skewed TCR\u2010BV Repertoire Displayed at the Maternal\u2013Fetal Interface of Women with Unexplained Pregnancy Loss"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"Xipeng","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhengwen","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yan","family":"Hong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aimin","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lihua","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peihua","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qide","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/humupd\/7.5.501"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.1996.tb00493.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-13722"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"24","DOI":"10.1016\/S0015-0282(16)58382-4","article-title":"Frequence of factors associated with habitual abortion in 197 couples","volume":"66","author":"Stephenson M","year":"1996","journal-title":"Fertil Steril"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/420265a"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(03)00167-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.immunol.18.1.367"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5236.630"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2000-13729"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00404-003-0560-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"91","article-title":"Maternal immunological aspects of pregnancy success and failure","volume":"55","author":"Hill JA","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Reprod Fertil Suppl"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.8755-8920.2001.450102.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"4027","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.156.10.4027","article-title":"Endometrial T, B, and NK cells in patients with recurrent spontaneous abortion. 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