{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,22]],"date-time":"2026-09-22T23:07:53Z","timestamp":1790118473267,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,19]],"date-time":"2006-01-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1137628800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Problem\u2002<\/jats:bold> The role of increased Th1 cytokine expression in pregnancy failure has been questioned recently. The therapeutic value of progestogens in threatened abortion (TA) is still debated. The aim of this prospective study was to compare serum cytokine [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>, interleukin (IL)\u201012 and IL\u201010] concentrations in women with TA to those in women with normal pregnancy and to evaluate the impact of dydrogesterone supplementation in the former group on cytokine concentration.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods of study\u2002<\/jats:bold> Twenty\u2010seven threatened aborters were treated for 10\u2003days with dydrogesterone (30\u201340\u2003mg\/day). Sixteen healthy pregnant controls received no treatment. Serum cytokine concentrations were measured twice in both groups by enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> Mean serum concentrations of Th1\u2010 and Th2\u2010type cytokines in women with TA did not differ from those in women with normal pregnancy at first and second sampling. After dydrogesterone supplementation, mean TNF\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\/IL\u201010 ratio changed from 1.08 to 1.75 while IL\u201012\/IL\u201010 ratio remained almost the same (0.56\u20130.61) in the threatened aborters group and did not differ from those in healthy women.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> The results of this study indicate that peripheral cytokine production in threatened aborters does not differ from that observed among healthy pregnant women. The protective effect of dydrogesterone supplementation in threatened aborters is manifested via restoring progesterone\u2010induced blocking factor concentration rather than controlling cytokine production.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2005.00333.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,19]],"date-time":"2006-01-19T17:27:54Z","timestamp":1137691674000},"page":"115-121","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["The Impact of Dydrogesterone Supplementation on Serum Cytokine Profile in Women with Threatened 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