{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T18:43:25Z","timestamp":1772822605842,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,11]],"date-time":"2007-09-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1189468800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:title>Problem<\/jats:title><jats:p>Morphologic changes in the placental barrier in spontaneous early abortions under the maternal\u2010embryonic immune conflict, and the role of maternal immunoglobulins (Igs) in these changes.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Materials and methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>We examined chorionic villi and other tissues obtained from 54 aborts between weeks 3.5 and 8 of pregnancy. Material was divided into two groups. Group 1 (control) contained 15 medically recommended and spontaneous early aborts with no signs of inflammations or pathologic immune processes. Group 2 contained 39 spontaneous early aborts with acute chorionic villitis. Immunohistochemical and morphometric methods were used to study the Igs, different types of immunocompetent cells, and apoptosis\u2010related components of the placental barrier.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Acute villitis was found to be characterized by the destruction of all components of the chorionic villi, thrombovasculitis with apoptosis of the endothelium of capillaries and erythroblasts, mucous swelling of the basal membrane, and coagulation of the blood proteins. Due to destruction of the capillaries, the number of avasculate villi increased, and the average number of capillaries per villus decreased. The extremely high number of phagolysosomes with IgG and IgA in the villous monocytes in the group 2 indicates an increase in the phagocytic activity of monocytes against maternal Igs and may reflect the presence of mother\u2010embryo immune conflict. Apoptosis of monocytes and a high number of promonocytes were seen accompanied by a high concentration of p53 protein. A large disturbance in the trophoblast occurred with disappearance of bcl\u20102 and the appearance of Fas ligand.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Massive destruction of maternal Igs in embryonic monocytes and acute villitis in the placental barrier are manifested during the mother\u2010embryo immune conflict, and this may be one of the reasons of spontaneous early abortions.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2007.00531.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,9,16]],"date-time":"2007-09-16T05:03:49Z","timestamp":1189919029000},"page":"460-467","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["The Placental Barrier in Allogenic Immune Conflict in Spontaneous Early Abortions: Immunohistochemical and Morphological Study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"58","author":[{"given":"Pavel","family":"Gurevich","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Asher","family":"Elhayany","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Andrey P.","family":"Milovanov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reuvit","family":"Halperin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ella","family":"Kaganovsky","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Itzhak","family":"Zusman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Herzel","family":"Ben\u2010Hur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/426089"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejogrb.2004.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"334","volume-title":"The Human Placenta, A Guide for Clinicians and Scientists","author":"Sargent IL.","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","first-page":"262","article-title":"Immunopathology of early abortion: current status","volume":"65","author":"Guzman Sanchez A","year":"1997","journal-title":"Gynecol Obstet Mex"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0301-2115(01)00431-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2249.2001.01461.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2004.00157.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"76","DOI":"10.3233\/HAB-1997-8205","article-title":"The role of the fetal immune system in the pathogenesis of RhD\u2010hemolytic disease of newborns","volume":"8","author":"Gurevich P","year":"1997","journal-title":"Human Antibodies"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"113","volume-title":"The Human Placenta, A Guide for Clinicians and Scientists","author":"Sargent IL","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/plac.1998.0375"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","first-page":"401","article-title":"Transport of maternal immunoglobulins through the human placental barrier in normal pregnancy and during inflammation","volume":"16","author":"Ben\u2010Hur H","year":"2005","journal-title":"Int J Mol Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004290050254"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9378(98)70163-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/0891693031000067331"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0143-4004(98)90094-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","first-page":"3","article-title":"Apoptosis, oncosis, and necrosis. An overview of cell death","volume":"146","author":"Majno G","year":"1995","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0344-0338(96)80089-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_2","first-page":"RA7","article-title":"Induction of pro\u2010inflammatory cytokine gene expression and apoptosis in human chorion cells of fetal membranes by influenza virus infection: possible implications for maintenance and interruption of pregnancy during infection","volume":"11","author":"Uchide N","year":"2005","journal-title":"Med Sci Monit"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_2","first-page":"1835","article-title":"Intracellular ATP levels determine cell death fate by apoptosis or necrosis","volume":"57","author":"Eguchi Y","year":"1997","journal-title":"Cancer Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.185.8.1481"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1071-5576(98)00035-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mob.2002.122250"}],"container-title":["American Journal of Reproductive Immunology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1600-0897.2007.00531.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2007.00531.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,11]],"date-time":"2023-10-11T10:28:17Z","timestamp":1697020097000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2007.00531.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,7]]},"references-count":22,"journal-issue":{"issue":"5","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2007.00531.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2007.00531.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1046-7408","1600-0897"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1046-7408","type":"print"},{"value":"1600-0897","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2007,10,7]]}}}