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None of these studies was repeatedly reported by others to be significantly different. Among these, four cytokine polymorphisms (IFN\u2010\u03b3, +874A\u2192T; IL\u20101B \u2212511C; IL\u20101RA, IL1RN*2, IL1RN*3) were refuted by others and rest of them were studied once.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Multiple cytokine polymorphisms were reported to be associated with RSA. However, a majority of studies were not confirmed by other investigators or refuted by others. Inconsistent study results might be related to: (i) the production of these cytokines is partly under genetic controls and other factors affect cytokine levels; (ii) ethnic background, environmental factors, and selection criteria for study populations are different and (iii) the possibilities exist that multiple cytokine gene polymorphisms or other genes in linkage disequilibrium may play a role in RSA.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2008.00602.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,7,10]],"date-time":"2008-07-10T07:33:08Z","timestamp":1215675188000},"page":"91-110","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["REVIEW ARTICLE: Cytokine Gene Polymorphisms in Recurrent Spontaneous Abortions: A Comprehensive Review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Yoon 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