{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,12]],"date-time":"2025-12-12T13:20:34Z","timestamp":1765545634871},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,2,12]],"date-time":"2009-02-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1234396800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["American J Rep Immunol"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Problem\u2002<\/jats:bold> Sulfasalazine (SASP) inhibits lipopolysaccharide\u2010induced nuclear\u2010factor kappa B activation and interleukin\u20108 (IL\u20108) production by cultured explants of placenta, amnion and choriodecidua. Bacteria\u2010induced IL\u20108 production in the cervix is a potential mechanism for premature cervical ripening that may lead to preterm birth. Our objective was to determine if SASP inhibits IL\u20108 production by endocervical cells stimulated with bacterial pathogens associated with preterm birth.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Method of study\u2002<\/jats:bold> Human endocervical cells were incubated with 0\u20131.6\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> SASP and then stimulated with <jats:italic>Ureaplasma parvum<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>, or <jats:italic>Gardnerella vaginalis<\/jats:italic>. Conditioned medium was then harvested and production of IL\u20108 was quantified by ELISA. Viability of the cells was ascertained at the end of the experiment with the MTT\u2010assay.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> At the highest concentration tested (1.6\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc>), SASP significantly inhibited IL\u20108 production by cultures stimulated with <jats:italic>E. coli<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001), <jats:italic>U. parvum<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001), and <jats:italic>G. vaginalis<\/jats:italic> (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2003&lt;\u20030.001). Viability of the cells, however, was significantly reduced by SASP at 0.8 and 1.6\u2003m<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> in both the presence and absence of bacteria for all experiments.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion\u2002<\/jats:bold> Although high concentrations of SASP inhibit IL\u20108 production by cultures of endocervical cells stimulated with pathogens associated with preterm birth, this effect may be because of toxicity of the antibiotic on the cells.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-0897.2008.00681.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,8,18]],"date-time":"2010-08-18T17:19:03Z","timestamp":1282151943000},"page":"190-195","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["ORIGINAL ARTICLE: Effect of Sulfasalazine on Basal and Bacteria\u2010Stimulated Interleukin\u20108 Production by Endocervical Epithelial Cells"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"61","author":[{"given":"Morgan 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