{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,22]],"date-time":"2026-10-22T08:11:40Z","timestamp":1792656700585,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":75,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,20]],"date-time":"2012-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329696000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Dental Traumatology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Abstract\u2002\u2013\u2002<\/jats:bold>  <jats:italic>Background<\/jats:italic>:\u00a0Self\u2010inflicted oral injuries of organic origin are particularly common in certain diseases, syndromes, and systemic disorders. In this article, we discuss the characteristics of these oral lesions and their treatment. <jats:italic>Literature Search<\/jats:italic>:\u00a0The authors have reviewed the most relevant literature relating to oral self\u2010injury through a search in textbooks and published articles included in the Medline database for the years 1970\u20132010, and selected published cases from the last two decades. <jats:italic>Results<\/jats:italic>:\u00a0The majority of the literature on oral self\u2010injury is in the form of case reports. Self\u2010injury is particularly prevalent in patients with Lesch\u2013Nyhan syndrome, a heterogeneous group of neurological disorders, congenital insensitivity to pain with anhidrosis, and mental retardation. It is most common in males in the early years of life, and the sites most frequently involved are the lower lip and the tongue. Therapeutic approaches in these patients have included psychological and pharmacological treatment, intraoral devices, and surgical procedures. <jats:italic>Clinical Implications<\/jats:italic>:\u00a0 Intraoral devices are the best therapeutic option for self\u2010injury of organic origin, although this approach is not free of complications. The current lack of standardized treatment protocols for oral self\u2010injury means that therapy must be individualized.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-9657.2012.01121.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,20]],"date-time":"2012-02-20T07:48:27Z","timestamp":1329724107000},"page":"8-14","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":55,"title":["Oral self\u2010injury. An update"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jacobo","family":"Limeres","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Javier F","family":"Feijoo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Baluja","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Juan Manuel","family":"Seoane","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marcio","family":"Diniz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pedro","family":"Diz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","first-page":"137","article-title":"Why patients mutilate 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