{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T16:13:25Z","timestamp":1788452005683,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]],"date-time":"2007-05-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1179878400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Oral Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Objectives:\u2002<\/jats:bold> To analyze the anti\u2010inflammatory effects of <jats:italic>Lactobacillus brevis<\/jats:italic> extracts on periodontitis patients and to investigate the involved mechanisms <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> on activated macrophages.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Eight healthy subjects and 21 patients with chronic periodontitis were enrolled to analyze the effect of <jats:italic>L.\u00a0brevis<\/jats:italic>\u2010containing lozenges on periodontitis\u2010associated symptoms and signs. Before and after the treatment, the patients received a complete periodontal examination. Saliva samples, collected before and after treatment, were analyzed for metalloproteinase and nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity, immunoglobulin\u2010A (IgA), prostaglandin E<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> (PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>) and <jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>\u2010interferon (IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic>) levels. Arginine deiminase (AD) and NOS activities were determined through a radiometric assay. Metalloproteinases were assayed by zymogram and Western blotting, whereas IgA, PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> and IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> were assayed by enzyme\u2010linked imunosorbent assay tests.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The treatment led to the total disappearance or amelioration of all analyzed clinical parameters in all patients. This was paralleled to a significant decrease of nitrite\/nitrate, PGE<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>, matrix metalloproteinase, and IFN\u2010<jats:italic>\u03b3<\/jats:italic> levels in saliva samples.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Our results suggest that the anti\u2010inflammatory effects of <jats:italic>L.\u00a0brevis<\/jats:italic> could be attributed to the presence of AD which prevented nitric oxide generation. Our findings give further insights into the knowledge of the molecular basis of periodontitis and have a potential clinical significance, giving the experimental ground for a new innovative, simple and efficacious therapeutical approach of periodontal disease.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-0825.2006.01291.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,23]],"date-time":"2007-05-23T21:18:35Z","timestamp":1179955115000},"page":"376-385","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":150,"title":["Anti\u2010inflammatory effects of <i>Lactobacillus brevis<\/i> (CD2) on periodontal disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"DN 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