{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T04:46:09Z","timestamp":1774673169208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,4]],"date-time":"2012-06-04T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338768000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Dental Hygiene"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objectives<\/jats:title><jats:p>To assess the effectiveness of three different mouthrinses \u2013 chlorhexidine, triclosan\u00a0+\u00a0sodium fluoride and chlorhexidine\u00a0+\u00a0triclosan\u00a0+\u00a0sodium fluoride\u00a0+\u00a0zinc chloride \u2013 on plaque, calculus, gingivitis and stains and to evaluate the occurrence of adverse effects with these three treatments.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Forty\u2010eight healthy subjects participated in a double\u2010blind, randomized, parallel experiment and were randomly allocated to any one of the three experimental mouthrinses: group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> (0.2% chlorhexidine (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content>) gluconate), group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content> (0.03% triclosan\u00a0+\u00a00.025% sodium fluoride (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:roman>NaF<\/jats:roman>\n<\/jats:styled-content>)\u00a0+\u00a012% ethyl alcohol) or group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> (0.2% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a00.3% triclosan\u00a0+\u00a00.3% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:roman>NaF<\/jats:roman>\n<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a00.09% <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Z<\/jats:styled-content>n chloride (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:roman>ZnCl<\/jats:roman>\n<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n<\/jats:styled-content>). All the subjects were assessed for gingivitis, plaque, supragingival calculus and extrinsic stains at baseline and at the end of the 21\u2010day experimental period.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>There was a significant difference (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.046) in the effectiveness for the prevention of gingivitis and plaque, with subjects of group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> and group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> presenting least and highest gingival and plaque scores, respectively. Significant differences (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0=\u00a00.03) were observed for the accumulation of supragingival calculus where the deposition of calculus in group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> was nearly double that of the group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>, and group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content> was most effective in the prevention of supragingival calculus. Highest deposition of extrinsic stains was in the group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content> followed by group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content> and group <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>. There was no significant difference between the three treatments for adverse events' occurrence.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>\n<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content> mouthrinse was most effective in controlling plaque and gingivitis but caused greatest deposition of extrinsic stains. Supragingival calculus deposition was least in triclosan\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:roman>NaF<\/jats:roman>\n<\/jats:styled-content> group followed by <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a0triclosan\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:roman>NaF<\/jats:roman>\n<\/jats:styled-content>\u00a0+\u00a0<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">\n<jats:roman>ZnCl<\/jats:roman>\n<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub>\n<\/jats:styled-content> and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CHX<\/jats:styled-content>. More than half of the subjects reported adverse events during the experimental phase.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1601-5037.2012.00560.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,4]],"date-time":"2012-06-04T19:24:20Z","timestamp":1338837860000},"page":"35-40","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Effectiveness of a mouthrinse containing active ingredients in addition to chlorhexidine and triclosan compared with chlorhexidine and triclosan rinses on plaque, gingivitis, supragingival calculus and extrinsic staining"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"11","author":[{"given":"S","family":"Kumar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dental Sciences College of Dentistry Jazan University  Jazan Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Patel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry Darshan Dental College and Hospital  Udaipur India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J","family":"Tadakamadla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences College of Dentistry Jazan University  Jazan Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"H","family":"Tibdewal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry Vidarbha Youth Welfare Society's Dental College &amp; Hospital  Amravathi Maharashtra India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Duraiswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry Sriramachandra Dental College and Hospital  Chennai India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"S","family":"Kulkarni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Public Health Dentistry Paninneya Mahavidyalaya Dental College  Hyderabad 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