{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,20]],"date-time":"2025-07-20T04:22:02Z","timestamp":1752985322456},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,25]],"date-time":"2011-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Vitamin A deficiency (VAD), especially in its subclinical form, is a world health problem in young children. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of VAD among preschool children in various socio\u2010economic groups in \u0130zmir, Turkey.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> One hundred and one children aged 24\u201359\u2003months were selected for the study with cluster sampling method. A questionnaire was completed by the parents, and the dietary pattern was assessed by using a 3\u2010day dietary record method.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Mean serum retinol concentration of the children was 28.3\u2003\u00b1\u200310.2\u2003\u03bcg\/dL. Serum vitamin A concentration of two children (2%) was below 10\u2003\u03bcg\/dL (VAD), whereas 18 (18%) children had vitamin A concentrations between 10 and 20\u2003\u03bcg\/dL (subclinical deficiency). We did not find any relationship between mean serum retinol concentrations and the independent variables such as socio\u2010economical levels, age groups, birth weight and gestational age. However, there was a statistically significant positive correlation between serum retinol concentrations and weight\u2010for\u2010age and weight\u2010for\u2010height Z scores of the children (p\u2003&lt;\u20030.05).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Because one\u2010fifth of the children under 5\u2003years have VAD in \u0130zmir, Turkey, nutrition education must be given to the families during well\u2010child care visits, and routine vitamin supplementation should be considered especially in children with malnutrition.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02142.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,1,13]],"date-time":"2011-01-13T17:46:38Z","timestamp":1294940798000},"update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Dietary vitamin A intake and serum retinol concentrations of preschool children from different socio\u2010economical levels in \u0130zmir, Turkey"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"100","author":[{"given":"Levent","family":"Midyat","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"N","family":"Zafer Kurug\u00f6l","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sad\u0131k","family":"Ak\u015fit","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mahir","family":"Tanr\u0131verdi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ra\u015fit Vural","family":"Ya\u011fc\u0131","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"955","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/55.5.955","article-title":"The cost of successful adolescent growth and development in girls in relation to iron and vitamin A status","volume":"55","author":"Brabin L","year":"1992","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","first-page":"172","volume-title":"Nelson textbook of pediatrics","author":"Barness LA","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90677-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"827","DOI":"10.1093\/ajcn\/46.5.827","article-title":"Mild vitamin A deficiency and childhood morbidity \u2013 an Indian experience","volume":"46","author":"Milton RC","year":"1987","journal-title":"Am J Clin Nutr"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/atp.2004.24.1.107"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","volume-title":"World Health Report 1998","author":"World Health Organization","year":"1998"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(86)91157-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","volume-title":"Indicators for assessing vitamin a deficiency and their application in monitoring and evaluating intervention programmes","author":"World Health Organization (WHO)","year":"1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/PHN2006944"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jn\/132.9.2845S"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","unstructured":"World Health Organisation.Control of vitamin A deficiency xerophthalmia. 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