{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:21:58Z","timestamp":1787163718344,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,4,8]],"date-time":"2011-04-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1302220800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Acta Paediatrica"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    To assess whether the levels of inflammatory and anti\u2010inflammatory proteins in gastric fluid of premature infants shortly after birth are associated with the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD).\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Gastric fluid retrieved within 1\u2003h of birth of premature infants (gestational age &lt;29\u2003weeks) was analysed for interleukin (IL)\u20108, growth\u2010related oncogene (Gro)\u2010\u03b1, epithelial cell\u2013derived neutrophil\u2010activating peptide (ENA)\u201078, IL\u20101\u03b2 and Clara cell secretory protein with ELISA.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    Of 51 enrolled infants, 86% had BPD. Of these, 54% had mild BPD, 30% had moderate BPD and 16% had severe BPD. Clinical chorioamnionitis was associated with high levels of IL\u20108, Gro\u2010\u03b1, Epithelial cell\u2013derived neutrophil\u2010activating peptide\u201078 (ENA\u201078) and IL\u20101\u03b2 in gastric fluid. Gastric fluid levels of IL\u20108, Gro\u2010\u03b1, ENA\u201078 and IL\u20101\u03b2 were higher in infants with moderate or severe BPD than in those with no or mild BPD. Ligation of the patent ductus arteriosus was associated with the development of moderate or severe BPD. These associations were no longer significant after adjustment for gestational age.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold>\n                    The levels of inflammatory mediators in gastric fluid samples retrieved soon after birth from intubated or nonintubated infants can be used to assess the infants\u2019 perinatal exposure to inflammatory mediators and its association with neonatal outcome.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1651-2227.2011.02286.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,3,25]],"date-time":"2011-03-25T06:21:21Z","timestamp":1301034081000},"page":"1206-1212","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Inflammatory cytokines in gastric fluid at birth and the development of bronchopulmonary 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