{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,26]],"date-time":"2026-08-26T14:50:32Z","timestamp":1787755832068,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,19]],"date-time":"2005-05-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1116460800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1844,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Four hundred and forty\u2010five bovines with bone infection of the appendicular skeleton were selected for clinical and radiographic assessment. A distinction was made between hematogenous and posttraumatic origin (wound\/fracture). Bone infection was classified into four types according to the site of infection: type 1 is metaphyseal and\/or epiphyseal osteomyelitis close to the growth plate; type 2 is primary subchondral osteomyelitis mostly accompanied by septic arthritis; type 3 is infectious osteoarthritis with subchondral osteomyelitis implicating that infection in the subchondral bone originates from the infection. Type 4 summarizes bone infections which can not be categorized in the previous groups. Hematogenous osteomyelitis is 3.2 times more frequent than post\u2010traumatic osteomyelitis. Within the different groups, the relation of hematogenous to post\u2010traumatic infection changed significantly. In type 1 infection the ratio was 5\/1, in type 2 the ratio was 8\/1 and in type 3 it was 3\/1. Epiphyseal or metaphyseal osteomyelitis exhibited early radiographic bone changes, whereas with infection emihating from the joint, the bone lesions were detected later, because the bone was infected as a consequence of a primary septic arthritis. In smaller bones, severe and complete bone destruction was often present. Hematogenous bone infection never involved the entire diaphysis. <jats:italic>Actinomyces pyogenes<\/jats:italic> was discovered to be the main etiologic agent, whether or not combined with anaerobes. Bone fragments from the metaphysis of young calves were subjected to the effect of pure cultures of different bacteria. Radiographic changes to the structure of the bone were not identified within 2 weeks. Rapid radiographic changes in osteomyelitis cannot be explained by the direct effect of the bacteria on bone tissue <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic>. General infections of the lungs, disorders of the intestines and other internal organs were rarely responsible for osteomyelitis or septic arthritis. Osteomyelitis and infectious osteoarthritis is probably often induced by external and internal traumatic events to joints and bones in cattle.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2000.tb01488.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,19]],"date-time":"2005-05-19T15:42:54Z","timestamp":1116517374000},"page":"250-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["BONE INFECTION IN THE BOVINE APPENDICULAR SKELETON: A CLINICAL, RADIOGRAPHIC, AND EXPERIMENTAL STUDY"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Francis","family":"Verschooten","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dries","family":"Vermeiren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luc","family":"Devriese","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,5,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","first-page":"397","article-title":"Bacterial osteitis\/osteomyelitis at the level of the growth plate in cattle (in Flemish)","volume":"51","author":"Kesel A","year":"1982","journal-title":"Flem Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"276","article-title":"\u00fcber 11 F\u00e4lle hamatogen entstandener Osteomyelitis der R\u00f6hrenknochen beim Rind","volume":"91","author":"Funk KA.","year":"1978","journal-title":"Berl M\u00fcnch Tier\u00e4rzl Wschr"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","unstructured":"G\u00e4ngelH.Gliedmassenerkrankungen bei industiem\u00e4ssig gehaltenen Mastbullen in Einraumlaufstallhaltung.European society of veterinary surgery XII congress Kosice 1977:119\u2013124."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","first-page":"1537","article-title":"Bacteri\u00eble ostitis bij runderen","volume":"91","author":"Kersjes AW","year":"1966","journal-title":"Tijdschr Diergeneesk"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1974.tb00686.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","unstructured":"VermeirenD.Bone infection in the bovine: a clinical radiographic and experimental study (in Flemish). Scription 1995."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","volume-title":"The growth plate and its disorders","author":"Mercer R.","year":"1969"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF01440176"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","first-page":"334","article-title":"Pathogenese der posttraumatischen Osteomyelitis","author":"Hierholzer G.","year":"1973","journal-title":"Langenbecks Arch Chir"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","volume-title":"Lameness in cattle","author":"Greenough PR","year":"1981"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"470","DOI":"10.1016\/S0007-1935(17)36786-6","article-title":"Chronic localized osteomyelitis of the bovine limb","volume":"128","author":"Weaver AD.","year":"1972","journal-title":"British Vet J"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.120.7.148"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","volume-title":"Bovine Radiology","author":"Bargai U","year":"1989"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.159.3822.1483"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","first-page":"271","article-title":"Surgical and conservative treatment of infectious arthritis in cattle","volume":"165","author":"Verschooten F","year":"1974","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1532-950X.1989.tb01090.x"}],"container-title":["Veterinary Radiology &amp; Ultrasound"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1740-8261.2000.tb01488.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2000.tb01488.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,29]],"date-time":"2023-10-29T10:15:49Z","timestamp":1698574549000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2000.tb01488.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2000.tb01488.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2000.tb01488.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1058-8183","1740-8261"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1058-8183","type":"print"},{"value":"1740-8261","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2000,5]]}}}