{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,21]],"date-time":"2026-09-21T01:50:25Z","timestamp":1789955425518,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,1]],"date-time":"2006-11-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1162339200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":31,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy is an inherited, degenerative myopathy due to the absence of dystrophin and is used as a model of Duchenne muscular dystrophy of young boys. This report describes the radiographic abnormalities of Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy in 26 dogs. The thoracic abnormalities included diaphragmatic asymmetry (18\/26), diaphragmatic undulation (18\/26), and gastro\u2010esophageal hiatal hernia (6\/26). Pelvic abnormalities included narrowing of the body of the ilia (14\/19), ventral deviation and curvature of the tuber ischii (14\/19), elongation of the obturator foramen with a decrease in opacity of the surrounding bone (12\/19), and lateral flaring of the wings of the ilia (12\/19). Abdominal abnormalities consisted of hepatomegaly (14\/22) and poor serosal detail (12\/22). The unique thoracic abnormalities were a consistent finding in affected Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy dogs. The diagnosis of muscular dystrophy should be included in the differential list if the combination of diaphragm undulation and asymmetry, and gastro\u2010esophageal hiatal hernia are identified. These diaphragmatic abnormalities are related to hypertrophy and hyperplasia of the diaphragm. Additionally, the skeletal changes of pelvic tilt, elongation of the pelvis, widening of the obturator foramina and thinning of the ischiatic tables appear to be specific to Golden Retriever muscular dystrophy in dogs. These pelvic abnormalities are most likely secondary to bone remodeling associated with the progressive skeletal myopathy and subsequent contracture\/fibrosis.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2006.00188.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,2]],"date-time":"2006-11-02T15:48:47Z","timestamp":1162482527000},"page":"574-580","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["RADIOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF GOLDEN RETRIEVER MUSCULAR DYSTROPHY"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"JASON W.","family":"BRUMITT","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"STEPHANIE C.","family":"ESSMAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JOE N.","family":"KORNEGAY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"JOHN P.","family":"GRAHAM","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"WILLIAM J.","family":"WEBER","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"CLIFFORD R.","family":"BERRY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"872","article-title":"Duchenne muscular dystrophy and dystrophin","volume":"5","author":"Nowak KJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"pathogenesis and opportunities for treatment"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"88","article-title":"Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"401","author":"Biggar WD","year":"2002","journal-title":"current knowledge treatment, and future prospects"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","first-page":"352","article-title":"Canine X\u2010linked muscular dystrophy as an animal model for Duchenne muscular dystrophy","volume":"42","author":"Valentine BA","year":"1992","journal-title":"a review"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/physrev.00028.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"550","DOI":"10.1302\/0301-620X.86B4.14481","article-title":"Progression of scoliosis after spinal fusion in Duchenne's muscular dystrophy","volume":"86","author":"Gaine WJ","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Bone Jt Surg (Br)"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.bsd.0000133063.43337.c8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/japplphysiol.01357.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880111008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/334154a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"909","article-title":"Feline muscular dystrophy with dystrophin deficiency","volume":"135","author":"Carpenter JL","year":"1989","journal-title":"Am J Pathol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.1992.tb00160.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.1999.tb02193.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","first-page":"269","article-title":"The mutant MDX","volume":"110","author":"Torres LFB","year":"1987","journal-title":"inherited myopathy in the mouse"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0960-8966(03)00025-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jcpa.2001.0526"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"469","DOI":"10.1007\/s004010000308","article-title":"Development of muscle pathology in canine X\u2010linked muscular dystrophy. 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