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Our objective was to establish the distribution and prevalence of diseases that cause radiographically evident tracheobronchial lymphadenomegaly in a large population of dogs. Patients were divided into groups based on the methods of diagnoses with 25 having confirmed diagnoses and 85 with presumptive diagnoses. Of the 110 dogs in the study, 92 (84%) had neoplasia and 18 (16%) had infectious diseases. Infections were attributed to <jats:italic>Coccidioides<\/jats:italic> (12, 67%), <jats:italic>Aspergillus<\/jats:italic> (3, 17%), and 1 each (6%) to <jats:italic>Nocardia<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>Penicillium<\/jats:italic>, and Mycobacteriosis. Tumors were characterized as lymphoma (66, 60%) or nonlymphoid (26, 23.6%). Nonlymphomas in Group 1 included histiocytic sarcoma complex (16%), carcinoma (12%), adenocarcinoma (8%), osteosarcoma (8%), chemodectoma (4%), ganglioneuroblastoma (4%), and neuroendocrine (4%). The number of dogs with tracheobronchial lymphadenomegaly scores 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 (with 5 being the greatest) was 8 (7%), 15 (14%), 30 (27%), 15 (14%), and 44 (38%), respectively. The results suggest that in addition to diagnoses of lymphoma and fungal infections, other neoplasms and in particular histiocytic sarcoma and metastatic adenocarcinoma, should be considered when tracheobronchial lymphadenomegaly is identified radiographically in dogs. When comparing the degree of tracheobronchial lymphadenopathy by disease category, there was no significant affiliation (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic> = 0.33).<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2011.01921.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,3,12]],"date-time":"2013-03-12T16:22:24Z","timestamp":1363105344000},"page":"486-491","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN RADIOGRAPHIC EVIDENCE OF TRACHEOBRONCHIAL LYMPH NODE ENLARGEMENT AND DEFINITIVE OR PRESUMPTIVE DIAGNOSIS"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Brian G.","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the School of Veterinary Medicine University of California Davis"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rachel E.","family":"Pollard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California  Davis CA 95616"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","volume-title":"Miller's anatomy of the dog","author":"Evans HE","year":"1993"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","unstructured":"SuterPF.Thoracic radiography.A text atlas of thoracic diseases of the dog and cat.Wettswil:Peter F. 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