{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,21]],"date-time":"2026-07-21T01:48:52Z","timestamp":1784598532587,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,26]],"date-time":"2012-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1335398400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Vet Radiology Ultrasound"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage is bleeding originating from the brain or surrounding structures. It results from blood vessel rupture and may be primary or secondary in origin. The magnetic resonance imaging (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">MRI<\/jats:styled-content>) characteristics of 75\u2009dogs with nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage were reviewed to determine signalment; intracranial compartment involved, size and number of lesions; type and prevalence of concurrent medical conditions; and long\u2010term outcome. Hemorrhagic lesions were intraparenchymal (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 72), subdural (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 2) or intraventricular (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic> = 1). Thirty\u2010three of 75\u2009dogs had a concurrent medical condition. A concurrent condition was detected in 13 of 43\u2009dogs with a single lesion \u22655\u2009mm and included <jats:italic>Angiostrongylus vasorum<\/jats:italic> infection, intracranial lymphoma and meningioma. Of the 20\u2009dogs with multiple lesions \u22655\u2009mm, 7\u2009had <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> infection, 2\u2009had hemangiosarcoma metastasis, 5\u2009had suspected brain metastasis, and 1\u2009was septicemic. Of the 12\u2009dogs with multiple lesions, 2\u2009had hyperadrenocorticism, 2\u2009had chronic kidney disease, and 1\u2009had hypothyroidism. Of these five dogs, all were hypertensive and four died within 12\u2009months. No dog had a single lesion &lt;5\u2009mm. Long\u2010term outcome was favorable in 26 of 43\u2009dogs with single lesions \u22655\u2009mm, 6 of 20\u2009dogs with multiple lesions \u22655\u2009mm, and 8 of 12\u2009dogs with multiple lesions &lt;5\u2009mm. <jats:italic>A. vasorum<\/jats:italic> infection was the most common concurrent condition in dogs with nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage (16\/75), with an excellent outcome in 14 of 16\u2009dogs. Prognosis in nontraumatic intracranial hemorrhage is reported in terms of concurrent medical conditions and the number and size of lesions. \u00a9 2012 Crown copyright. This article was written by M. Lowrie, F. Llabr\u00e9s\u2010Diaz and L. Garosi of Davies Veterinary Specialists and L. De Risio and R. Dennis of the Animal Health Trust. It is published with the permission of the Controller of HMSO and the Queen's Printer for Scotland<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8261.2012.01934.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,27]],"date-time":"2012-04-27T01:16:48Z","timestamp":1335489408000},"page":"381-388","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["CONCURRENT MEDICAL CONDITIONS AND LONG\u2010TERM OUTCOME IN DOGS WITH NONTRAUMATIC INTRACRANIAL HEMORRHAGE"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"53","author":[{"given":"Mark","family":"Lowrie","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"From the Davies Veterinary Specialists Manor Farm Business Park Higham Gobion Hitchin SG5 3HR England"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Luisa","family":"De Risio","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Animal Health Trust Centre for Small Animal Studies Newmarket Suffolk CB8 7UU, 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