{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,10]],"date-time":"2026-11-10T15:11:44Z","timestamp":1794323504125,"version":"4.9.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,13]],"date-time":"2012-09-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1347494400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Maternal &amp; Child Nutrition"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Although inherited blood disorders are common among children in many parts of <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A<\/jats:styled-content>frica, limited data are available about their prevalence or contribution to childhood anaemia. We conducted a cross\u2010sectional survey of 858 children aged 6\u201335 months who were randomly selected from 60 villages in western <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>enya. Haemoglobin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>b), ferritin, malaria, <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">C<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010reactive protein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content>) and retinol binding protein (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBP<\/jats:styled-content>) were measured from capillary blood. Using polymerase chain reaction (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content>), Hb type, \u22123.7\u2009kb alpha\u2010globin chain deletion, glucose\u20106\u2010phosphate dehydrogenase (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>6<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content>) genotype and haptoglobin (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Hp<\/jats:styled-content>) genotype were determined. More than 2 out of 3 children had at least one measured blood disorder. Sickle cell trait (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HbAS<\/jats:styled-content>) and disease (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">H<\/jats:styled-content>b<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">SS<\/jats:styled-content>) were found in 17.1% and 1.6% of children, respectively; 38.5% were heterozygotes and 9.6% were homozygotes for \u03b1<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010thalassaemia. The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">Hp<\/jats:styled-content> 2\u20102 genotype was found in 20.4% of children, whereas 8.2% of males and 6.8% of children overall had <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>6<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency. There were no significant differences in the distribution of malaria by the measured blood disorders, except among males with <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>6<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> deficiency who had a lower prevalence of clinical malaria than males of normal <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G<\/jats:styled-content>6<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PD<\/jats:styled-content> genotype (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.005). After excluding children with malaria parasitaemia, inflammation (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CRP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009&gt;\u20095\u2009mg\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), iron deficiency (ferritin\u2009&lt;\u200912\u2009\u03bcg\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>) or vitamin A deficiency (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RBP<\/jats:styled-content>\u2009&lt;\u20090.7\u2009\u03bcg\u2009L<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup>), the prevalence of anaemia among those without <jats:italic>\u03b1<\/jats:italic><jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\u2010thalassaemia (43.0%) remained significantly lower than that among children who were either heterozygotes (53.5%) or homozygotes (67.7%, <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">P<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.03). Inherited blood disorders are common among pre\u2010school children in western <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">K<\/jats:styled-content>enya and are important contributors to anaemia.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1740-8709.2012.00454.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,15]],"date-time":"2012-09-15T02:08:19Z","timestamp":1347674899000},"page":"135-144","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":35,"title":["The burden and consequences of inherited blood disorders among young children in western <scp>K<\/scp>enya"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"10","author":[{"given":"Parminder S.","family":"Suchdev","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Branch Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  Atlanta Georgia USA"},{"name":"Department of Pediatrics and Global Health Emory University  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laird J.","family":"Ruth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nutrition Branch Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC)  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marie","family":"Earley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Newborn Screening Quality Assurance Program CDC  Atlanta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alex","family":"Macharia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KEMRI Centre for Geographic Medicine Research\u2010Coast  Kilifi Kenya"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas N.","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KEMRI Centre for Geographic Medicine Research\u2010Coast  Kilifi Kenya"},{"name":"Nuffield Department of Clinical Medicine  Oxford UK"},{"name":"INDEPTH Network  Accra Ghana"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)08273-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pmed.0030172"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/511868"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_1","first-page":"1109","article-title":"Baseline data from the Nyando Integrated Child Health and Education Project \u2013 Kenya, 2007","volume":"56","author":"CDC","year":"2007","journal-title":"MMWR. 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