{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,10]],"date-time":"2025-10-10T18:35:48Z","timestamp":1760121348302},"reference-count":42,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,27]],"date-time":"2005-08-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1125100800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunogenetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2005,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>Recent studies have reported the association of a pro\u2010inflammatory profile of genetic polymorphisms in <jats:italic>IL\u20101B<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL\u20101RN<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TNF\u2010A<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>IL\u201010<\/jats:italic> genes with an increased risk of non\u2010cardia gastric cancer. Because gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer are mutually exclusive outcomes of <jats:italic>Helicobacter pylori<\/jats:italic> infection, we aimed to investigate possible allelic variant associations of several functional polymorphisms in the <jats:italic>IL\u20101B<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>IL\u20101RN<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>TNFA<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>LTA<\/jats:italic> genes in the susceptibility to duodenal ulcer. Genomic DNA from 118 patients with duodenal ulcer and 97 healthy controls was typed for the <jats:italic>IL\u20101B<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms at positions \u2212511, \u221231, and +3954, the VNTR polymorphism in intron 2 of the <jats:italic>IL\u20101RN<\/jats:italic> gene, the <jats:italic>TNFA<\/jats:italic>\u2212308, <jats:italic>TNFA <\/jats:italic>\u2212238, and the <jats:italic>Nco<\/jats:italic>I and <jats:italic>Bs<\/jats:italic>I <jats:italic>LTA<\/jats:italic> polymorphisms by PCR, SSCP and TaqMan assays. <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection and non\u2010steroidal anti\u2010inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) use was investigated in patients and controls. Logistic regression analysis identified <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> infection (OR: 12.86; 95%CI: 3.85\u201343), NSAID use (OR: 11.95; 95%CI: 4.19\u201334.05), and family history\u2010ulcer (OR: 3.79; 95%CI: 1.68\u20138.54) as independent risk factors for duodenal ulcer. When the effect of the combinations of <jats:italic>IL\u20101<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TNF<\/jats:italic> genotypes was studied we found that the distribution of all possible combinations of these eight polymorphisms was similar in duodenal ulcer patients and controls. The simultaneous carriage of alleles <jats:italic>IL\u20101RN<\/jats:italic>*<jats:italic>2\/IL\u20101B \u221231T\/IL\u20101B \u2212511C\/IL\u2010IB +3954C\/TNF\u2010HaplotypeE<\/jats:italic> negative (termed in some studies as \u2018low\u2010producing\u2019 alleles) was increased in <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010positive duodenal ulcer patients compared to <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic>\u2010infected healthy controls (10.5% vs. 5.9%) although the difference did not reach statistical significance (OR: 1.85; 95%CI: 0.57\u20135.99, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u00a0= 0.41). Moreover, no differences were found with respect to <jats:italic>H. pylori<\/jats:italic> status, NSAID use, age, gender, smoking habit, type of complication, recurrence of the ulcer, and need for surgical treatment. Our data show no association between allelic variants of <jats:italic>IL\u20101<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>TNF<\/jats:italic> gene polymorphisms in the susceptibility to and final outcome of duodenal ulcer.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313x.2005.00528.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2005,8,27]],"date-time":"2005-08-27T17:28:45Z","timestamp":1125163725000},"page":"299-306","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["No allelic variant associations of the IL\u20101 and TNF gene polymorphisms in the susceptibility to duodenal ulcer disease"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"32","author":[{"given":"M. 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