{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,11]],"date-time":"2026-06-11T12:56:55Z","timestamp":1781182615477,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]],"date-time":"2012-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328140800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]],"date-time":"2012-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1328140800000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunogenetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Cytokine polymorphisms influence the outcomes of parasitic diseases and vary among populations because of their different evolutionary histories and selective pressures imposed by host\u2013pathogen interactions. In this frame, we investigated the frequencies of\n                    <jats:italic>TNF\u2010\u03b1<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>\u2010308G\/A<\/jats:italic>\n                    ),\n                    <jats:italic>\n                      TGF\u2010\u03b2\n                      <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    <\/jats:italic>\n                    (codon 10\n                    <jats:italic>C\/T<\/jats:italic>\n                    , codon 25\n                    <jats:italic>C\/G<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) and\n                    <jats:italic>IL\u201010<\/jats:italic>\n                    (\n                    <jats:italic>\u20101082A\/G<\/jats:italic>\n                    ) SNPs in 133 individuals from Ouangolodougou, a rural village in Northern Ivory Coast, where malaria and other parasitic diseases are endemic. The SNPs alleles were determined by ARMS\u2010PCR methodology. Allele frequencies of the SNPs investigated were as follows: IL 10 \u20101082\n                    <jats:italic>G<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.741 and \u20101082\n                    <jats:italic>A<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2003=\u20030.259; TGF\u2010\u03b2\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    Codon 10\n                    <jats:italic>C\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\n                    <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.835 and\n                    <jats:italic>T\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\n                    <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.165; TGF\u2010\u03b2\n                    <jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>\n                    Codon 25\u2003\n                    <jats:italic>G\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\n                    <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.782 and\n                    <jats:italic>C\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    =\n                    <jats:italic>\u2003<\/jats:italic>\n                    0.218. For the TNF\u2010\u03b1 gene, we found high frequencies of the \u2010\n                    <jats:italic>308A<\/jats:italic>\n                    allele (0.305) and heterozygote genotypes (0.594), with a consequent deviation from the Hardy\u2013Weinberg equilibrium. The high heterozygosity at the TNF\u2010\u03b1 locus suggests a possible selective advantage of the heterozygote genomes, associated with intermediate levels of TNF\u2010\u03b1 expression, against the infectious agents endemic in Western Africa.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313x.2012.01086.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,2]],"date-time":"2012-02-02T04:57:46Z","timestamp":1328158666000},"page":"291-295","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Genotyping for cytokine polymorphisms in a Northern Ivory Coast population reveals a high frequency of the heterozygote genotypes for the TNF\u2010\u03b1\u2010308G\/A 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