{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,10]],"date-time":"2026-09-10T22:51:47Z","timestamp":1789080707077,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346457600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Int J Immunogenetics"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>A high proportion of human recurrent spontaneous abortions (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSA<\/jats:styled-content>) remain unexplained. The possible association between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSA<\/jats:styled-content> and different genetic polymorphisms within the human leucocyte antigen system (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content> system, the human major histocompatibility complex) has been investigated with conflicting results since many decades. Here, we describe a case\u2013control study with 136 <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>outhern <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">B<\/jats:styled-content>razilian women of predominantly <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">E<\/jats:styled-content>uropean ancestry (75 control and 61 cases with unexplained <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSA<\/jats:styled-content>). We investigated the relationship between unexplained <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">RSA<\/jats:styled-content> and alleles and genotypes from two classical loci of the <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>:<jats:italic> <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQB<\/jats:styled-content>1<\/jats:italic>, as well as three loci related to cytokine production and their serum levels: <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">TNFA<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> (\u2212308<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G&gt;A<\/jats:styled-content>), <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IL<\/jats:styled-content>10<\/jats:italic> (\u22121082<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">G&gt;A<\/jats:styled-content>, \u2212819<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">T&gt;C<\/jats:styled-content>, \u2212592<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A&gt;C<\/jats:styled-content>) and <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IFNG<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic> (+874<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">A&gt;T<\/jats:styled-content>). Genotyping was performed by an allele\u2010specific <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PCR<\/jats:styled-content> method. While all results concerning cytokine\u2010related genes turned out to be negative, we found the genotype <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DQB<\/jats:styled-content>1*02:02, 03:01<\/jats:italic> to be significantly decreased and the allele <jats:italic><jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">HLA<\/jats:styled-content>\u2010<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DRB<\/jats:styled-content>1*11:04<\/jats:italic> to be significantly increased among patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-313x.2012.01155.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,1]],"date-time":"2012-09-01T20:46:21Z","timestamp":1346532381000},"page":"186-191","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["<scp>HLA<\/scp> class <scp>II<\/scp> polymorphisms and recurrent spontaneous abortion in a <scp>S<\/scp>outhern <scp>B<\/scp>razilian cohort"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"E. P.","family":"Bompeixe","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Basic Patology Department Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"},{"name":"Genetics Department Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. S.","family":"Carvalho Santos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Department Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"},{"name":"Leibniz Institute for Zoo and Wildlife Research (IZW) Evolutionary Genetics Berlin Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R. G.","family":"Vargas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Department Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"von Linsingen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Department Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S. C.","family":"Zeck","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Genetics Department Laboratory of Immunogenetics and Histocompatibility Universidade Federal do Paran\u00e1 Curitiba Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P. 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