{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T04:34:56Z","timestamp":1782448496646,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]],"date-time":"2012-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355184000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Ther Apher Dial"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Despite significant therapeutic advances, mortality of dialysis patients remains unacceptably high. The aim of this study is to compare mortality and its causes in dialysis patients with those in the general Japanese population. We used data for 2008 and 2009 from the Japanese Society for Dialysis Therapy registry and a national Vital Statistics survey. Cardiovascular mortality was defined as death attributed to heart failure, cerebrovascular disorders, myocardial infarction, hyperkalemia\/sudden death, and pulmonary thromboembolism. Non\u2010cardiovascular mortality was defined as death attributed to infection, malignancies, cachexia\/uremia, chronic hepatitis\/cirrhosis, ileus, bleeding, suicide\/refusal of treatment, and miscellaneous. We calculated standardized mortality ratios and age\u2010adjusted mortality differences between dialysis patients and the general population for all\u2010cause, cardiovascular versus non\u2010cardiovascular, and cause\u2010specific mortality. During the 2\u2010year study period, there were 2\u2003284\u2003272 and 51\u2003432 deaths out of 126 million people and 273\u2003237 dialysis patients, respectively. The standardized mortality ratio for all\u2010cause mortality was 4.6 (95% confidence interval, 4.6\u20134.7) for the dialysis patients compared to the general population. Age\u2010adjusted mortality differences for cardiovascular and non\u2010cardiovascular disease were 33.1 and 30.0 per 1000 person\u2010years, respectively. The standardized mortality rate ratios were significant for all cause\u2010specific mortality rates except accidental death. Our study revealed that excess mortality in dialysis patients compared to the general population in Japan is large, and differs according to age and cause of death. Cause\u2010specific mortality studies should be planned to improve life expectancies of dialysis patients.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-9987.2012.01144.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]],"date-time":"2012-12-11T21:39:57Z","timestamp":1355261997000},"page":"298-304","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Cause\u2010Specific Excess Mortality Among Dialysis Patients: Comparison With the General Population in Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"17","author":[{"given":"Minako","family":"Wakasugi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junichiro James","family":"Kazama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suguru","family":"Yamamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kazuko","family":"Kawamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ichiei","family":"Narita","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-9987.2010.00893.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1744-9987.2007.00523.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/ajkd.1998.v32.pm9820470"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2009.1488"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","volume-title":"World Health Statistics 2009","author":"World Health Organization","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2006020156"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","volume-title":"An Overview of Regular Dialysis Treatment in Japan as of Dec. 31, 2009 CD\u2010ROM","author":"Patient Registration Committee","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","volume-title":"An Overview of Regular Dialysis Treatment in Japan As of Dec. 31, 2008 CD\u2010ROM","author":"Patient Registration Committee","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","unstructured":"Bureau of Census Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.Vital Statistics of Japan.2009. 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