{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T07:47:07Z","timestamp":1762069627417,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]],"date-time":"2012-02-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1329782400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Groundwater"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Mass discharge across transect planes is increasingly used as a metric for performance assessment of in situ groundwater remediation systems. Mass discharge estimates using concentrations measured in multilevel transects are often made by assuming a uniform flow field, and uncertainty contributions from spatial concentration and flow field variability are often overlooked. We extend our recently developed geostatistical approach to estimate mass discharge using transect data of concentration and hydraulic conductivity, so accounting for the spatial variability of both datasets. The magnitude and uncertainty of mass discharge were quantified by conditional simulation. An important benefit of the approach is that uncertainty is quantified as an integral part of the mass discharge estimate. We use this approach for performance assessment of a bioremediation experiment of a trichloroethene (TCE) source zone. Analyses of dissolved parent and daughter compounds demonstrated that the engineered bioremediation has elevated the degradation rate of TCE, resulting in a two\u2010thirds reduction in the TCE mass discharge from the source zone. The biologically enhanced dissolution of TCE was not significant (\u223c5%), and was less than expected. However, the discharges of the daughter products cis\u20101,2, dichloroethene (cDCE) and vinyl chloride (VC) increased, probably because of the rapid transformation of TCE from the source zone to the measurement transect. This suggests that enhancing the biodegradation of cDCE and VC will be crucial to successful engineered bioremediation of TCE source zones.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2012.00916.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]],"date-time":"2012-02-21T13:36:25Z","timestamp":1329831385000},"page":"908-917","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Assessing TCE Source Bioremediation by Geostatistical Analysis of a Flux Fence"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"50","author":[{"given":"Zuansi","family":"Cai","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryan D.","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David N.","family":"Lerner","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.watres.2008.03.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2006.02.011"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/2004WR003095"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0169-7722(01)00177-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","unstructured":"Borden R.C.2007.Emulsified oil substrate (EOS\u00ae) transport and biotransformation \u2010 Lessons learned from seven years of lab.vol. 1. Modeling and field projects. Battelle Press \u2010 9th International In Situ and On\u2010Site Bioremediation Symposium."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/97WR00014"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","unstructured":"Buss S. C.Cunningham D.Ellis J.Gerhard M.Harkness A.Hart L.Houlden M.Lee G.P.Wealthall R.D.Wilson andP.Zeeb.2010.Project SABRE (Source Area Bioremediation) \u2010 an overview.Cl: AIRE SABRE Bulletin 1.http:\/\/www.claire.co.uk\/library(accessed February 3 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2010.00709.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"Dearden R. J.Chambers D.Allen andG.Wealthall.2010.Site investigation techniques for DNAPL source and plume zone characterisation.Cl: AIRE SABRE Bulletin 2.http:\/\/www.claire.co.uk\/library(accessed February 3 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0122647"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"Harkness M. A.Fisher M.Lee E.E.Mack J.A.Payene J.Roberts S.Dworatzek A.Possolo andC.Acheson.2006.Microcosm studies conducted within Source Area BioRemediation (SABRE) project.Cl: AIRE SABRE Bulletin 6.http:\/\/www.claire.co.uk\/library(accessed February 3 2012)."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jconhyd.2004.06.005"},{"issue":"6944","key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"62","DOI":"10.1038\/nature01717","article-title":"Detoxification of vinyl chloride to ethene coupled to growth of an anaerobic bacterium.","volume":"424","author":"He J.Z.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Nature"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","unstructured":"Hvorslev M.J.1951.Time lag and soil permeability in ground\u2010water observations.Waterways Experiment Station Bulletin 30.1\u201350."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002540000226"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF02082534"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0309-1708(96)00016-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0255711"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejsobi.2007.03.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"571","article-title":"Technology integration for contaminated site remediation: clean\u2010up goals and performance criteria.","volume":"275","author":"Rao P.S.C.","year":"2002","journal-title":"Groundwater Quality: Natural And Enhanced Restoration Of Groundwater Pollution"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.scitotenv.2009.03.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/94WR02380"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es051493g"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhazmat.2004.02.034"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es011408e"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es991410u"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es0496773"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/bit.20260"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","unstructured":"Zeeb P. andL.Houlden.2010.Overview of the SABRE field test.Cl: AIRE SABRE Bulletin 5.http:\/\/www.claire.co.uk\/library(accessed February 3 2012)."}],"container-title":["Groundwater"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1745-6584.2012.00916.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/ngwa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2012.00916.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T07:43:41Z","timestamp":1762069421000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/ngwa.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2012.00916.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]]},"references-count":30,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2012.00916.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2012.00916.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0017-467X","1745-6584"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0017-467X"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1745-6584"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,2,21]]}}}