{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,2]],"date-time":"2025-11-02T08:37:44Z","timestamp":1762072664367,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,26]],"date-time":"2012-07-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1343260800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Groundwater"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    Cyclodextrin (CD) molecules are polycyclic glucose oligomers that have a hydrophilic exterior and a hydrophobic cavity. This structure provides CD the characteristic of enhancing the solubility of groundwater pollutants. The degree to which CD increases the apparent aqueous solubility of certain chemicals has been defined as the solubility enhancement factor (SEF). In this study, a novel and experimentally simple method has been developed to determine the SEF, which can be mathematically obtained by ratio of apparent and traditional Henry's law constants. The effects of temperature and CD concentration on the SEFs and CD cavity occupation have been investigated. Our results show that SEF values are inversely related to temperature for most examined chemicals, which is consistent with the assertion that the CD\u2010chemical complexes are less stable at higher temperatures. The exception is toluene that shows the least SEF fluctuation within the temperature range studied (5 to 65 \u00b0C). This may indicate that the toluene\u2010CD complex is particularly stable. As the definition of SEF predicted, linear relationships were found between the SEFs and CD concentrations for all the subject chemicals. The CD cavity occupation fraction at 5 \u00b0C were 3.14, 2.55, 2.04, 1.60, and 1.67 times greater than the values at 65 \u00b0C for of trichloroethylene, perchloroethylene, bezene, ethylbenze, and\n                    <jats:italic>o<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2010xylene, respectively. The fraction of CD cavities occupied was found to be inversely related to the CD concentration for all tested chemicals when pollutant mass are held constant. This study provides important information to accurately evaluate the performance of CD when used for aquifer remediation.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6584.2012.00963.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,27]],"date-time":"2012-07-27T00:26:06Z","timestamp":1343348766000},"page":"268-275","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Solubility Enhancement Effect of Cyclodexin on Groundwater Pollutants"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"51","author":[{"given":"Heng","family":"Gao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"William J.","family":"Blanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aifang","family":"Gao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,26]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-66842-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/es960324g"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1745-6592.2001.tb00631.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","unstructured":"Boving T.B. J.E.McCray W.J.Blanford andM.L.Brusseau.2004. Cyclodextrin enhanced remediation at NAB little creek Virginia Beach VA: cost and performance assessment. Report to Environmental Security Technology Certification Program ESTCP Department of Defense. 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D.C.Skipp andD.Griffin.1991. Basics of pump\u2010and\u2010treat ground\u2010water remediation technology. U.S. EPA Report EPA\/600\/8\u201090\/003. Cincinnati Ohio: U.S. EPA Center for Environmental Research Information 1\u201366."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0169-7722(90)90043-G"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jps.2600750609"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_30_1","unstructured":"Palmer C.D. andW.Fish.1992. Chemical enhancements to pump\u2010and\u2010treat remediation. EPA\/540\/S\u201092\/001. 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