{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,17]],"date-time":"2026-09-17T06:58:28Z","timestamp":1789628308826,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,6]],"date-time":"2012-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1338940800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of School Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>BACKGROUND:<\/jats:bold> Studies have reported higher levels of absenteeism due to illness among special education teachers compared to other teachers, but it is not known which factors might contribute to this difference. We examined whether health, health behaviors, and exposure to violence at work differed between special education and general education teachers in Finnish basic education.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>METHODS:<\/jats:bold> Survey data from 5760 general and special education teachers were analyzed with multilevel logistic models adjusted for individual\u2010 and school\u2010level confounding factors.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>RESULTS:<\/jats:bold> No difference was found between the health behaviors of general and special education teachers. The differences in physical and mental health between the two groups were also relatively small. With regard to work\u2010related violence, however, male special education teachers were 3 times more likely to be exposed to mental abuse, and 5 times more likely to be exposed to physical violence when compared to their male colleagues in general education. Although female special educators were also at an increased risk of mental abuse and physical violence compared to their female general teacher colleagues, their odds ratios for such an encounter were smaller (2\u2010 and 3\u2010fold, respectively) than those of male special education teachers. The school\u2010level variance of physical violence toward teachers was large, which indicates that while most schools have little physical violence toward teachers, schools do exist in which teachers' exposure to violence is common.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>CONCLUSIONS:<\/jats:bold> These findings suggest that special education teachers may benefit from training for handling violent situations and interventions to prevent violence at schools.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1746-1561.2012.00707.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,7]],"date-time":"2012-06-07T03:29:53Z","timestamp":1339039793000},"page":"336-343","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":28,"title":["Work\u2010Related Violence, Lifestyle, and Health Among Special Education Teachers Working in Finnish Basic Education"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"82","author":[{"given":"Jenni","family":"Ervasti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mika","family":"Kivim\u00e4ki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jaana","family":"Pentti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Venla","family":"Salmi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sakari","family":"Suominen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jussi","family":"Vahtera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Marianna","family":"Virtanen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,6]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/occmed\/kqr087"},{"issue":"374","key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","first-page":"378","article-title":"Comparison of the health and lifestyle of general practitioners and teachers.","volume":"43","author":"Chambers R","year":"1993","journal-title":"Br J Gen Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0885-2006(96)90008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.learninstruc.2008.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijlp.2007.06.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tate.2006.07.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-008-0336-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","unstructured":"SalmiV KivivuoriJ.Opettajiin kohdistuva h\u00e4irint\u00e4 ja v\u00e4kivalta 2008 [Harrasment and Violence Toward Teachers 2008](In Finnish). 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