{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,30]],"date-time":"2026-04-30T17:03:25Z","timestamp":1777568605049,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]],"date-time":"2006-06-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1150329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":45,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Chem Biol Drug Des"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Chemotherapy against human African trypanosomiasis relies on four drugs that cause frequent and occasionally severe side\u2010effects. Because human African trypanosomiasis is a disease of poor people in Africa, the traditional market\u2010driven pathways to drug development are not available. One potentially rapid and cost\u2010effective approach to identifying and developing new trypanocidal drugs would be high throughput\u2010screening of existing drugs already approved for other uses, as well as clinical candidates in late development. We have developed an ATP\u2010bioluminescence assay that could be used to rapidly and efficiently screen compound libraries against trypanosomes in a high throughput\u2010screening format to validate this notion. We screened a collection of 2160 FDA\u2010approved drugs, bioactive compounds and natural products to identify hits that were cytotoxic to cultured <jats:italic>Trypanosoma brucei<\/jats:italic> at a concentration of 1\u2003\u03bc<jats:sc>m<\/jats:sc> or less. This meant that any hit identified would be effective at a concentration readily achievable by standard drug dosing in humans. From the screen, 35 hits from seven different drug categories were identified. These included the two approved trypanocidal drugs, suramin and pentamidine, several other drugs suspected but never validated as trypanocidal, and 17 novel trypanocidal drugs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1747-0285.2006.00389.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]],"date-time":"2006-06-15T15:34:20Z","timestamp":1150385660000},"page":"355-363","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":87,"title":["Discovery of Trypanocidal Compounds by Whole Cell HTS of <i>Trypanosoma brucei<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"67","author":[{"given":"Zachary B.","family":"Mackey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arthur M.","family":"Baca","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeremy P.","family":"Mallari","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Beth","family":"Apsel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anang","family":"Shelat","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Elizabeth J.","family":"Hansell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter K.","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Wolff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kiplin R.","family":"Guy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janice","family":"Williams","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"James H.","family":"McKerrow","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,6,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199906173402406"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0966-842X(02)02431-9"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"S10","DOI":"10.1007\/s00436-002-0752-y","article-title":"Current chemotherapy of human African trypanosomiasis","volume":"90","author":"Docampo R.","year":"2003","journal-title":"Parasitol Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0065-308X(08)60410-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0001-706X(93)90100-P"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(94)90396-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"139","DOI":"10.1016\/S0001-706X(97)00079-X","article-title":"The Alamar Blue assay to determine drug sensitivity of African trypanosomes (T. b. rhodesiense and T. b. gambiense) in vitro","volume":"68","author":"Raz B.","year":"1997","journal-title":"Acta Trop"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0006-291X(70)91054-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"338","article-title":"Bioluminescence of cellular ATP: a new method for evaluating cytotoxic agents in vitro","volume":"62","author":"Kangas L.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Med Biol"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3282883"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bmcl.2004.10.023"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/108705719900400206"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0076-6879(86)33053-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1759(93)90011-U"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2768","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)69135-5","article-title":"Peptidyl sulfonium salts. 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