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Two enkephalin\u2010based peptides were modified for these studies, a set related to DTLES, a mixed \u03bc\/\u03b4\u2010agonist, and one related to DAMGO, a highly selective \u03bc\u2010agonist. Each unglycosylated peptide was compared to its phosphate, its mono\u2010benzylphosphate ester, and its \u03b2\u2010<jats:sc>d<\/jats:sc>\u2010glucoside. Binding was characterized in membrane preparations from Chinese hamster ovary cells expressing human \u03bc, \u03b4 and \u03ba\u2010opiate receptors. Antinociception was measured in mice using the 55\u2003\u00b0C tail\u2010flick assay. To estimate bioavailability, the antinociceptive effect of each opioid agonist was evaluated after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) or intravenous administration (i.v.) of the peptides. 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