{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,18]],"date-time":"2026-08-18T01:05:20Z","timestamp":1787015120078,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]],"date-time":"2012-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1334880000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":19,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Otolaryngology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:italic>Clin. Otolaryngol<\/jats:italic>\n                    . 2012,\n                    <jats:bold>37<\/jats:bold>\n                    , 107\u2013116\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objectives:\u00a0<\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine the adjuvant effects of adenoidectomy with short\u2010stay ventilation tubes to hearing and revision surgery in children over 3.5\u2003years with persistent otitis media with effusion.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design:\u00a0<\/jats:bold>\n                    Randomised controlled three armed trial: observation, short\u2010stay ventilation tube or ventilation tubes with adjuvant adenoidectomy. Five follow\u2010up visits over 2\u2003years.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Setting:\u00a0<\/jats:bold>\n                    Eleven UK Otorhinolaryngology Departments.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Participants:\u00a0<\/jats:bold>\n                    Children with bilateral otitis media with effusion and better ear hearing level (HL) \u226520\u2003dB persistent for 3\u2003months. Of the 425 eligible children, 376 (88%) accepted randomisation.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Main outcome measures:\u00a0<\/jats:bold>\n                    Pure\u2010tone hearing thresholds, eligibility for and actual revision surgery rates, otoscopic sequelae and complications of adenoidectomy.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results:\u00a0<\/jats:bold>\n                    Loss to follow\u2010up at 3, 12 and 24\u2003months was 2%, 6% and 5% respectively. Of the 376 randomised children, 253 (67%) had complete data for all five follow\u2010up visits. Adenoidectomy did not add to the benefit to hearing thresholds of ventilation tubes of 8.8\u2003dB (CI: 7.1\u201310.5) averaged over 3\u20136\u2003months postoperatively. Averaged over 12, 18 and 24\u2003months, adenoidectomy provided 4.2\u2003dB of benefit (CI: 2.6\u20135.7) whilst ventilation tubes gave no benefit. Standardised effect sizes through two years showed equal benefit from ventilation tubes (0.50\n                    <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>\n                    ) and adenoidectomy (0.61\n                    <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>\n                    ) which are additive (1.11\n                    <jats:sc>sd<\/jats:sc>\n                    ). Adenoidectomy halved the numbers meeting a 25\u2003dB HL bilateral cut\u2010off for eligibility for repeat tube surgery from 31% to 14% at 12\u2003months and from 33% to 15% at 18\u2003months. The actual reduction in re\u2010insertion surgery (absolute risk difference) was 21%. In tubed ears, tympanosclerosis occurred in 27%, but otorrhoea in only &lt;2% and permanent perforations in &lt;1%. These events did not occur in control ears. In children that had adenoidectomy, one of 165 (0.6%) had haemorrhage that required return to theatre.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusions:\u00a0<\/jats:bold>\n                    Adjuvant adenoidectomy doubles benefit from short\u2010stay ventilation tubes by extending better hearing through the second year in children aged 3.25\u20136.75\u2003years with persistent otitis media with effusion with at least a 20\u2003dB HL in both ears. The duration of benefit of adenoidectomy is related to the duration of function of the type of the ventilation tubes used. Adenoidectomy also substantially reduces eligibility for revision surgery.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-4486.2012.02469.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,24]],"date-time":"2012-03-24T11:46:42Z","timestamp":1332589602000},"page":"107-116","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Adjuvant adenoidectomy in persistent bilateral otitis media with effusion: hearing and revision surgery outcomes through 2\u2003years in the TARGET randomised trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"name":"MRC Multicentre Otitis Media Study Group","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/adc.2004.059444"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","first-page":"CD001801","article-title":"Grommets (ventilation tubes) for hearing loss associated with otitis media with effusion in children","author":"Browning G.G.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Cochrane Database of Syst. 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