{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,30]],"date-time":"2026-03-30T17:02:42Z","timestamp":1774890162759,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":39,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,24]],"date-time":"2006-01-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1138060800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":1364,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>A<jats:sc>bstract<\/jats:sc>: <\/jats:bold> Indirect evidence, including neuroprotection against 1\u2010methyl\u20104\u2010phenyl\u20101,2,3,6\u2010tetrahydropyridine (MPTP)\u2010neurotoxicity by nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitors and resistance of transgenic animals deficient in NOS, is controversial. We have reviewed evidence in favor of oxidative stress during the development of MPTP\u2010neurotoxicity and the influence of antioxidants, including nitric oxide (NO) and NO donors, on MPTP\u2010induced dopaminergic neurotoxicity. Systemic administration of MPTP causes dose\u2010dependent generation of hydroxyl radicals (OH) <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> in the striatum in mice; OH scavengers protect dopaminergic neurons from this insult. On the other hand the role of NO in MPTP\u2010neurotoxicity is controversial. Hitherto, no direct evidence for the involvement of NO in MPTP neurotoxicity has been available. MPTP does not affect inducible\u2010NOS mRNA level or its expression in SN or the striatum. Nitroglycerine, a NO donor, can attenuate MPTP\u2010induced dopamine depletion in the striatum by virtue of its OH scavenging action. Several other NO donors have also been shown to scavenge the OH generated, following Fenton chemistry <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic>, and to protect against <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> dopaminergic neurotoxicity by small mass iron complex formation. This evidence suggests that NO renders protection against MPTP\u2010induced OH\u2010mediated nigrostriatal lesions, acting as an antioxidant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2002.tb04083.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,9]],"date-time":"2009-07-09T18:28:53Z","timestamp":1247164133000},"page":"389-401","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Nitric Oxide"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"962","author":[{"given":"KOCHUPURACKAL P.","family":"MOHANAKUMAR","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"BOBBY","family":"THOMAS","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"SUDARSHANA M.","family":"SHARMA","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"DHANASEKHARAN","family":"MURALIKRISHNAN","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"RUKHSANA","family":"CHOWDHURY","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"CHUANG C.","family":"CHIUEH","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,1,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-0618(98)00037-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.cb.11.110195.002221"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.88.14.6368"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.82.7.2173"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0014-5793(95)01346-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","first-page":"227","article-title":"Implication of poly (ADP\u2010ribose) polymerase (PARP) in neurodegeneration and brain energy metabolism","volume":"890","author":"Cosi C.","year":"1999","journal-title":"Decreases in mouse brain NAD+ and ATP caused by MPTP are prevented by the PARP inhibitor benzamide. 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