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However, aneurysms differ significantly based on their anatomic location and etiology. Epidemiologic and experimental data demonstrate that different genetic and nongenetic risk factors as well as diverse physiologic processes are responsible for the development and progression of sporadic TAA, familial TAA, and AAA. Therefore, these disease processes need to be considered as distinct entities and not hastily grouped together. The extrapolation of data from one aneurysmal disease process to another is still ill\u2010founded and potentially harmful. Clinical trials in TAA are required before medical therapies, such as \u03b2\u2010blockers, angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, statins, or macrolide antibiotics, can be recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06493.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,2]],"date-time":"2012-05-02T02:49:19Z","timestamp":1335926959000},"page":"164-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Are we ignoring the dilated thoracic aorta?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1254","author":[{"given":"Jose M.","family":"Castellano","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason C.","family":"Kovacic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Javier","family":"Sanz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valentin","family":"Fuster","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,4,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ccl.2010.01.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cpcardiol.2008.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","first-page":"1103","article-title":"Thoracic aortic aneurysms: a population\u2010based study","volume":"92","author":"Bickerstaff L.K.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Surgery"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.pas.0000213270.38091.69"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/01.CIR.0000087009.16755.E4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0025-6196(11)60566-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2006.04.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.280.22.1926"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIRCULATIONAHA.105.564682"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.08.084"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jmg.2009.072785"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1146\/annurev.med.59.103106.103801"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.30"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrcardio.2010.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1161\/CIR.0b013e3181d4739e"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa055695"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nature03940"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11886-009-0015-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacc.2009.03.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.a.31872"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0002-9149(98)00364-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.athoracsur.2006.04.098"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajmg.c.30069"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jvs.2005.10.013"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","first-page":"1375","article-title":"TGF\u2010beta\u2010induced upregulation of MMP\u20102 and MMP\u20109 depends on p38 MAPK, but not ERK signaling in MCF10A human breast epithelial cells","volume":"25","author":"Kim E.S.","year":"2004","journal-title":"Int. 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