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The technique rapidly became the treatment of choice for these conditions, and is now also being explored for other diseases, including Tourette syndrome, gait disorders, epilepsy, obsessive\u2010compulsive disorder, and depression. Although the mechanism of action of DBS remains unclear, it is recognized that DBS works through focal modulation of functionally specific circuits. The fact that the same DBS parameters and targets can be used in multiple diseases suggests that DBS does not counteract the pathophysiology of any specific disorder, but acts to replace pathologic activities in disease\u2010affected brain circuits with activity that is more easily tolerated. Despite the progress made in the use of DBS, much remains to be done to fully realize the potential of this therapy. We describe some of the most active areas of research in this field, both in terms of exploration of new targets and stimulation parameters, and in terms of new electrode or stimulator designs.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06608.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,23]],"date-time":"2012-07-23T14:49:22Z","timestamp":1343054962000},"page":"1-8","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":44,"title":["Deep brain stimulation for movement and other neurologic disorders"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1265","author":[{"given":"Mahlon","family":"DeLong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Thomas","family":"Wichmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,7,23]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.nbd.2009.09.022"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrn2196"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/2010.4.FOCUS10106"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.parkreldis.2010.04.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mds.23695"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3171\/jns.1992.76.1.0053"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410400305"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","first-page":"344","article-title":"Combined (thalamotomy and stimulation) stereotactic surgery of the VIM thalamic nucleus for bilateral Parkinson disease","volume":"50","author":"Benabid A.L.","year":"1987","journal-title":"Appl. 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