{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,14]],"date-time":"2026-11-14T08:11:17Z","timestamp":1794643877174,"version":"4.9.1"},"reference-count":63,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]],"date-time":"2012-10-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1349827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Living organisms are continuously exposed to environmental pollutants. Because of its critical location, the skin is a major interface between the body and the environment and provides a biological barrier against an array of chemical and physical environmental pollutants. The skin can be defined as our first defense against the environment because of its constant exposure to oxidants, including ultraviolet (UV) radiation and other environmental pollutants such as diesel fuel exhaust, cigarette smoke (CS), halogenated hydrocarbons, heavy metals, and ozone (O<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>). The exposure to environmental pro\u2010oxidant agents leads to the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the generation of bioactive molecules that can damage skin cells. This short review provides an overview of the effects and mechanisms of action of CS, O<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub>, and UV on cutanous tissues.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06724.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,11]],"date-time":"2012-10-11T10:45:28Z","timestamp":1349952328000},"page":"75-81","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":220,"title":["Cutaneous responses to environmental stressors"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1271","author":[{"given":"Giuseppe","family":"Valacchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Claudia","family":"Sticozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alessandra","family":"Pecorelli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Franco","family":"Cervellati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlo","family":"Cervellati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Emanuela","family":"Maioli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,10,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.3109\/9781420079180","volume-title":"Toxicology of the Skin. Informa Healthcare","author":"Monteiro\u2010Riviere N.A.","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clindermatol.2011.08.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/sj.jid.5700340"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5507\/bp.2006.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2005.06939.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb39150.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2004.00241.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/A:1015948505117"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.0022-202X.2005.23747.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1011-1344(01)00201-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1067\/mjd.2003.178"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1377\/hlthaff.w4.437"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_2","first-page":"131","article-title":"Actions of ultraviolet light on cellular structures","volume":"96","author":"Pattison D.I.","year":"2006","journal-title":"EXS"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2009.080318"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-0-387-77574-6_13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.sder.2011.08.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bbcan.2005.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.272.41.25783"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-2952(02)01146-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_2","first-page":"42","article-title":"Methods of collection of smoke for analytical purposes","volume":"8","author":"Dube M.F.","year":"1982","journal-title":"Recent. Adv. Tobacco Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8564111"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0924-2031(94)85045-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"345","DOI":"10.1289\/ehp.8347345","article-title":"Electron\u2010spin resonance study of mainstream and sidestream cigarette smoke: nature of the free radicals in gas\u2010phase smoke and in cigarette tar","volume":"47","author":"Pryor W.A.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Environ. Health Perspect."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(84)80086-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327914NC4502_06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1993.tb39189.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(02)60376-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6511.1760"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07575.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s004030050476"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.291.6501.999"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archderm.135.12.1479"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.1996.tb03909.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08958370701401418"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMra0804595"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-3083.2009.03181.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2006.07537.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsbmb.2006.12.030"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-4362.1999.00448.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/87.14.1061"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00015550310007193"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2133.2003.05352.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2001.19.1.231"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0891-5849(94)90172-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(96)00617-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000064531"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-2494.2006.00347.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0006-291X(03)00812-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.freeradbiomed.2003.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2133.2011.10349.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/jid.2009.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.00227.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1152\/ajplung.1998.274.1.L8"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/taap.1996.0307"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_56_2","first-page":"99","article-title":"Acrolein: a respiratory toxin that suppresses pulmonary host defense","volume":"13","author":"Li L.","year":"1998","journal-title":"Rev. Environ. Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0891-5849(00)00216-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0748233709106067"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0014-5793(99)01787-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1476-069X-8-33"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jdermsci.2011.11.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10522-009-9253-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2007.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.toxlet.2005.06.013"}],"container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.2012.06724.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06724.x","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06724.x","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06724.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,25]],"date-time":"2023-09-25T11:48:08Z","timestamp":1695642488000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06724.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]},"references-count":63,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06724.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06724.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0077-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-6632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,10]]}}}