{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,16]],"date-time":"2026-02-16T18:40:23Z","timestamp":1771267223852,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":72,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,17]],"date-time":"2012-12-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1355702400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":16,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Myasthenia gravis (MG) is treated primarily with broad\u2010spectrum immuno\u2010suppressants such as prednisone or azathioprine, which normally require several months to reduce autoantibody titers significantly. This delay may be caused by the resistance of the main antibody\u2010producing cells, the plasma cells, to these drugs. In particular, long\u2010lived plasma cells are resistant to immunosuppressive treatments and can produce (auto\u2010) antibodies for months. Bortezomib is a proteasome inhibitor approved for treating patients with multiple myeloma, a plasma cell malignancy. Recent preclinical studies in cell cultures and animal models, and clinical studies in organ\u2010transplant recipients, have demonstrated that bortezomib can kill non\u2010neoplastic plasma cells within hours. This suggests that proteasome inhibitors could also be used for rapidly reducing autoantibody production in autoimmune diseases. We have begun to assess their potential in MG.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06824.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,18]],"date-time":"2012-12-18T19:02:49Z","timestamp":1355857369000},"page":"48-59","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Targeting plasma cells with proteasome inhibitors: possible roles in treating myasthenia gravis?"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1274","author":[{"given":"Alejandro M.","family":"Gomez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Willcox","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Peter C.","family":"Molenaar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wim","family":"Buurman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pilar","family":"Martinez\u2010Martinez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marc H.","family":"De Baets","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Losen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.26.11.1054"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mus.880171208"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.22312"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2353\/ajpath.2007.070240"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jneuroim.2008.06.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.20386"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/aws025"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930903555943"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.0b013e3182407982"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2220","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.117.6.2220","article-title":"Subpopulations of chicken B lymphocytes","volume":"117","author":"Lifter J.","year":"1976","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"250","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.93.2.250","article-title":"An autoradiographic study of the stability of plasma cell ribonucleic acid in rats","volume":"93","author":"Miller J.J.","year":"1964","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/40540"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1074-7613(00)80541-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri1886"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.180.1.361"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.0800555105"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1103169"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_2","volume-title":"Encyclopedia of Life Sciences","author":"Minges Wols H.A.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ni907"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.immuni.2004.06.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.20040168"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916934.2010.545847"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/ar3770"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.27233"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrrheum.2011.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"982","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.98.5.982","article-title":"The radiation resistance of long\u2010lived lymphocytes and plasma cells in mouse and rat lymph nodes","volume":"98","author":"Miller J.J.","year":"1967","journal-title":"J. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2008.02461.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1084\/jem.126.1.109"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-06-0170"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7643-8948-2_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1470-2045(11)70081-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2010-07-294983"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2012.09232.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-10-1950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2005-08-3531"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1074\/jbc.M200360200"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/0008-5472.CAN-06-2258"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm1763"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1002539"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfq230"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1538-7836.2011.04200.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/art.33333"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1681\/ASN.2010010034"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318190af83"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_46_2","first-page":"97","article-title":"Cell types required for anti\u2010acetylcholine receptor antibody synthesis by cultured thymocytes and blood lymphocytes in myasthenia gravis","volume":"58","author":"Willcox H.N.","year":"1984","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_47_2","first-page":"378","article-title":"Greatly increased autoantibody production in myasthenia gravis by thymocyte suspensions prepared with proteolytic enzymes","volume":"54","author":"Willcox H.N.","year":"1983","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Immunol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa043445"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1182\/blood-2009-09-242917"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3182081333"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181ff87b1"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1600-6143.2009.02968.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_53_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/ndt\/gfr465"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_54_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajh.21950"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_55_2","first-page":"92","article-title":"The proteasome inhibitor bortezomib inhibits the release of NFkappaB\u2010inducible cytokines and induces apoptosis of activated T cells from rheumatoid arthritis patients","volume":"27","author":"van der Heijden J.W.","year":"2009","journal-title":"Clin. Exp. Rheumatol."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_56_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/ard.2010.133256"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_57_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/MOT.0b013e328348c0e5"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_58_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e3181c6ff8d"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_59_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/TP.0b013e318218e901"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_60_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1479-5876-9-S2-I9"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_61_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/08916930903518107"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_62_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.50.6.1778"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_63_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2008.18.3087"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_64_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/10428194.2010.483303"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_65_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.seminhematol.2012.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_66_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2011.08864.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_67_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2169\/internalmedicine.50.4636"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_68_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2141.2010.08533.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_69_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/j.1875-9114.2012.01096.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_70_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1200\/JCO.2011.37.2649"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_71_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4049\/jimmunol.1003032"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_72_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1158\/1078-0432.CCR-08-2867"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_73_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.44.6.469"}],"container-title":["Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1749-6632.2012.06824.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06824.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,18]],"date-time":"2023-09-18T06:17:30Z","timestamp":1695017850000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/nyaspubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06824.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"references-count":72,"journal-issue":{"issue":"1","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06824.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06824.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0077-8923","1749-6632"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0077-8923","type":"print"},{"value":"1749-6632","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]}}}