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Ongoing <jats:italic>in vitro<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>in vivo<\/jats:italic> studies demonstrate that EN101 is a TLR9\u2010specific ligand that can suppress pro\u2010inflammatory functions and shift nuclear factor kappa B (NF\u2010\u03baB) from the pro\u2010inflammatory canonical pathway to the anti\u2010inflammatory alternative pathway, which results in decreases acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Preliminary results of a double\u2010blinded phase II cross\u2010over study compared 10, 20, and 40 mg EN101 administered to patients with myasthenia gravis. Patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups in weeks 1, 3, and 5 and received their pretreatment dose of pyridostigmine in weeks 2 and 4. Thus far, all doses show a decrease in QMG scores, with a greater response to higher doses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.2012.06825.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,22]],"date-time":"2012-12-22T03:28:36Z","timestamp":1356146916000},"page":"13-16","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Further developments with antisense treatment for myasthenia gravis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"1275","author":[{"given":"Jon","family":"Sussman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zohar","family":"Argov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yitzhak","family":"Wirguin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Slobodan","family":"Apolski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vedrana","family":"Milic\u2010Rasic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hermona","family":"Soreq","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"23083","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9258(18)54466-5","article-title":"Gene structure of mammalian acetylcholinesterase. 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