{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,19]],"date-time":"2025-11-19T06:30:40Z","timestamp":1763533840146},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,25]],"date-time":"2011-02-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1298592000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Influenza Resp Viruses"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p> <jats:italic>Please cite this paper as:<\/jats:italic> Barry <jats:italic>et\u00a0al.<\/jats:italic> (2011) Respiratory hygiene practices by the public during the 2009 influenza pandemic: an observational study. Influenza and Other Respiratory Viruses 5(5), 317\u2013320.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims\u2002<\/jats:bold> To describe the public use of respiratory hygiene behaviours during the 2009 influenza pandemic and to test the feasibility of an observational method.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods\u2002<\/jats:bold> Respiratory behaviour was systematically observed at three public settings during August 2009 in the capital city of New Zealand (Wellington). Data on each coughing or sneezing event were collected.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results\u2002<\/jats:bold> A total of 384 respiratory events were observed, at a rate of 0\u00b78 cough\/sneeze per observed\u2010person\u2010hour. Around a quarter of respiratory events (27\u00b73%) were uncovered, and there was infrequent use of the responses recommended by health authorities (i.e., covering with a tissue or handkerchief at 3\u00b74% and covering with elbow or arm at 1\u00b73%). Respiratory event rates were higher in all settings that were \u2018high flow\u2019 (for people movement) compared to \u2018low flow\u2019 settings. Uncovered events were more common among people at the hospital entrance versus the hospital caf\u00e9 [risk ratio (RR)\u2003=\u20037\u00b78, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1\u00b71\u201352\u00b76] and when a person was located within 1\u2003m of others (RR\u2003=\u20031\u00b75, 95% CI: 1\u00b71\u20131\u00b79).<\/jats:p><jats:p>Observing respiratory hygiene was found to be feasible in all of the selected public locations. There was good agreement between observing pairs about whether or not respiratory events occurred (inter\u2010observer correlation\u2003=\u20030\u00b781) and for uncovered versus covered events (total Cohen\u2019s kappa score\u2003=\u20030\u00b770).<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions\u2002<\/jats:bold> It was feasible to document respiratory hygiene behaviour in public urban settings during a influenza pandemic. Respiratory hygiene advice was not being adequately followed by this population towards the end of the first wave of the pandemic.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-2659.2011.00228.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,26]],"date-time":"2011-02-26T15:32:20Z","timestamp":1298734340000},"page":"317-320","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Respiratory hygiene practices by the public during the 2009 influenza pandemic: an observational study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Tasmin","family":"Barry","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie","family":"Manning","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mei S.","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Russell","family":"Eggleton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Simon","family":"Hampton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jasveen","family":"Kaur","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael G.","family":"Baker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nick","family":"Wilson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"pii=19319","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.14.34.19319-en","article-title":"Pandemic influenza A(H1N1)v in New Zealand: the experience from April to August 2009","volume":"14","author":"Baker MG","year":"2009","journal-title":"Euro Surveill"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.c2424"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","unstructured":"New Zealand Ministry of Health. 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