{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:11:44Z","timestamp":1787314304365,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,9]],"date-time":"2006-11-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1163030400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":8,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Aust Veterinary J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Objective\u2003<\/jats:bold>\n                    To determine the outcome of therapy in cats and dogs with naturally occurring cryptococcosis.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Design\u2003<\/jats:bold>\n                    Retrospective study of 59 cats and 11 dogs at the University Veterinary Centre Sydney from 1986 to 2004.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Method\u2003<\/jats:bold>\n                    Following detailed analysis of case notes potential associations between patient characteristics, cryptococcal species, retroviral status (cats), disease severity and type of therapy were examined in relation to duration and success of therapy. Treatment protocols based on amphotericin B, fluconazole and itraconazole were compared.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Results\u2003<\/jats:bold>\n                    Seventy\u2010six percent of feline patients were successfully treated. For cats, the presence of central nervous system disease was the only factor found to influence outcome. Cats with neurological involvement, disseminated disease or refractory disease treated with amphotericin B containing protocols did as well, on average, as cats with less severe disease treated with azole monotherapy. Amphotericin B was thus an effective agent for treating severe cases of cryptococcosis. The median cumulative dose of amphotericin B for cats cured at the first attempt was 16\u00a0mg\/kg (range 7 to 23\u00a0mg\/kg). The median duration of treatment required to effect a cure at first attempt was significantly shorter for fluconazole (4 months; range 1 to 8 months) than for itraconazole (9 months; range 3 to 24 months; P = 0. 0191; Mann Whitney U test). The success rate for treatment of canine cases was 55%. No factor appeared to influence disease outcome in dogs. Large cumulative doses of amphotericin B could be administered via the subcutaneous route in both species and generally with minimal nephrotoxicity. Recrudescence occurred in a significant proportion of animals, in some cases despite a reduction of serum latex cryptococcal antigen agglutination test to zero.\n                  <\/jats:p>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    <jats:bold>Conclusion\u2003<\/jats:bold>\n                    Although the prognosis of cryptococcosis should be described as guarded, a majority of the canine and especially feline patients can be expected to be cured, although treatment is protracted and expensive.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-0813.2006.00040.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,9]],"date-time":"2006-11-09T09:01:27Z","timestamp":1163062887000},"page":"384-392","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":74,"title":["Long\u2010term outcome of therapy for 59 cats and 11 dogs with cryptococcosis"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"84","author":[{"given":"CR","family":"O\u2019Brien","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"MB","family":"Krockenberger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"P","family":"Martin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"DI","family":"Wigney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R","family":"Malik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2006,11,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-47-2-346"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_2","first-page":"553","article-title":"Amphotericin B therapy in two cases of feline cryptococcosis","volume":"70","author":"Palumbo NE","year":"1975","journal-title":"Vet Med Small Anim Clin"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/vr.98.1.18-a"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_2","first-page":"15","article-title":"Feline cryptococcosis treatment with amphotericin B","volume":"6","author":"Thrall MA","year":"1976","journal-title":"Feline Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM197907193010303"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_2","first-page":"1541","article-title":"Treatment of feline cryptococcosis with ketoconazole","volume":"181","author":"Legendre AM","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_2","first-page":"156","article-title":"Treatment of canine blastomycosis with ketoconazole","volume":"182","author":"Dunbar M","year":"1983","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_2","first-page":"817","article-title":"Disseminated histoplasmosis in a cat: successful treatment with ketoconazole","volume":"181","author":"Noxon JO","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_2","first-page":"35","article-title":"Treatment of coccidioidomycosis with ketoconazole","volume":"10","author":"Marks DL","year":"1983","journal-title":"Can Pract"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_2","first-page":"179","article-title":"Ketoconazole therapy in canine and feline cryptococcosis","volume":"22","author":"Noxon JO","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Anim Hosp Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_2","first-page":"536","article-title":"Treatment of cryptococcosis in three cats, using ketoconazole","volume":"188","author":"Pentlarge VW","year":"1986","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"3349","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1982.03320490047035","article-title":"Failure of ketoconazole in cryptococcal meningitis","volume":"247","author":"Perfect JR","year":"1982","journal-title":"J Am Med Assoc"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_2","first-page":"136","article-title":"Cryptococcosis of the nervous system in dogs. 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