{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,30]],"date-time":"2026-06-30T20:45:35Z","timestamp":1782852335408,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,12,21]],"date-time":"2012-12-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1356048000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Digest Diseases"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"Objectives<\/jats:title>To determine the distribution of macrophages (M<\/jats:styled-content>\u03a6) in both xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis (XGC<\/jats:styled-content>) and gallbladder carcinoma (GBC<\/jats:styled-content>) and to analyze the association between XGC<\/jats:styled-content> and GBC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Methods<\/jats:title>From J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary 2009 to J<\/jats:styled-content>une 2011, 110 patients with gallbladder diseases, including 35 with GBC<\/jats:styled-content>, 45 with XGC<\/jats:styled-content> and 30 with chronic cholecystitis (CC<\/jats:styled-content>), were enrolled. Immunohistochemistry stain and real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction using oncogenes (BCL<\/jats:styled-content>\u20102<\/jats:italic>, c\u2010Myc<\/jats:styled-content><\/jats:italic>) and anti\u2010oncogene genes (p53<\/jats:italic>, p21<\/jats:italic>) were performed, serum expressions of tumor marker (CA19<\/jats:styled-content>\u20109, CA724<\/jats:styled-content> and CA242<\/jats:styled-content>) were also conducted. M<\/jats:styled-content>\u03a6 were used to determine their potential role in the carcinogenesis of GBC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Results<\/jats:title>BCL\u20102 and c\u2010Myc expressions gradually increased among CC<\/jats:styled-content>, XGC<\/jats:styled-content> and GBC<\/jats:styled-content> (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.032 and P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.020, respectively); while p53 and p21 were similar in the three groups (P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.167 and P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.122, respectively). Serum B<\/jats:styled-content>CL\u20102 and c\u2010Myc<\/jats:styled-content> were significantly correlated with their tissue levels; in terms of serum tumor markers, which gradually increased among CC<\/jats:styled-content>, XGC<\/jats:styled-content> and GBC<\/jats:styled-content>, however, CA242<\/jats:styled-content> and CA724<\/jats:styled-content> were both negative in XGC<\/jats:styled-content> but positive in GBC<\/jats:styled-content>. Furthermore, gradually increasing M<\/jats:styled-content>\u03a6 counts were observed among CC<\/jats:styled-content>, XGC<\/jats:styled-content> and GBC<\/jats:styled-content> groups; c\u2010Myc<\/jats:styled-content> and CA724<\/jats:styled-content> were independent predictors for the differentiation of XGC<\/jats:styled-content> and GBC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>Conclusions<\/jats:title>XGC<\/jats:styled-content> is an uncommon inflammatory condition distinct from CC<\/jats:styled-content> and may be associated with the precancerous nature of GBC<\/jats:styled-content> for its upregulated oncogenes and M<\/jats:styled-content>\u03a6 biology. c\u2010Myc<\/jats:styled-content> and CA724<\/jats:styled-content> were independent predictors for the differentiation of XGC<\/jats:styled-content> and GBC<\/jats:styled-content>.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-2980.2012.00645.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,21]],"date-time":"2012-09-21T12:05:23Z","timestamp":1348229123000},"page":"45-50","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Xanthogranulomatous cholecystitis: A clinicopathological study of its association with gallbladder carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"Peng Yuan","family":"Zhuang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of General Surgery Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ming Jie","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathology Xinhua Hospital Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine Shanghai China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian 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