{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T04:37:18Z","timestamp":1772771838247,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,9]],"date-time":"2011-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1323388800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J of Clinical Hypertension"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>A randomized, double\u2010blind, active\u2010controlled, multicenter trial assigned 32,804 participants aged 55\u2003years and older with hypertension and \u22651 other coronary heart disease risk factors to receive chlorthalidone (n=15,002), amlodipine (n=8898), or lisinopril (n=8904) for 4 to 8\u2003years, when double\u2010blinded therapy was discontinued. Passive surveillance continued for a total follow\u2010up of 8 to 13\u2003years using national administrative databases to ascertain deaths and hospitalizations. During the post\u2010trial period, fatal outcomes and nonfatal outcomes were available for 98% and 65% of participants, respectively, due to lack of access to administrative databases for the remainder. This paper assesses whether mortality and morbidity differences persisted or new differences developed during the extended follow\u2010up. Primary outcome was cardiovascular mortality and secondary outcomes were mortality, stroke, coronary heart disease, heart failure, cardiovascular disease, and end\u2010stage renal disease. For the post\u2010trial period, data are not available on medications or blood pressure levels. No significant differences (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>&lt;.05) appeared in cardiovascular mortality for amlodipine (hazard ratio [HR], 1.00; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.93\u20131.06) or lisinopril (HR, 0.97; CI, 0.90\u20131.03), each compared with chlorthalidone. The only significant differences in secondary outcomes were for heart failure, which was higher with amlodipine (HR, 1.12; CI, 1.02\u20131.22), and stroke mortality, which was higher with lisinopril (HR, 1.20; CI, 1.01\u20131.41), each compared with chlorthalidone. Similar to the previously reported in\u2010trial result, there was a significant treatment\u2010by\u2010race interaction for cardiovascular disease for lisinopril vs chlorthalidone. Black participants had higher risk than non\u2010black participants taking lisinopril compared with chlorthalidone. After accounting for multiple comparisons, none of these results were significant. These findings suggest that neither calcium channel blockers nor angiotensin\u2010converting enzyme inhibitors are superior to diuretics for the long\u2010term prevention of major cardiovascular complications of hypertension.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7176.2011.00568.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,9]],"date-time":"2011-12-09T16:51:56Z","timestamp":1323449516000},"page":"20-31","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":38,"title":["Mortality and Morbidity During and After the Antihypertensive and Lipid\u2010Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"14","author":[{"given":"William C.","family":"Cushman","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barry R.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara L.","family":"Pressel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey A.","family":"Cutler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paula T.","family":"Einhorn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Charles E.","family":"Ford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Suzanne","family":"Oparil","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jeffrey L.","family":"Probstfield","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paul K.","family":"Whelton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Jackson T.","family":"Wright","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Michael H.","family":"Alderman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jan N.","family":"Basile","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Henry R.","family":"Black","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"suffix":"Jr","given":"Richard H.","family":"Grimm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Bruce P.","family":"Hamilton","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Julian Haywood","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephen T.","family":"Ong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linda B.","family":"Piller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lara M.","family":"Simpson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carol","family":"Stanford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Robert J.","family":"Weiss","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"name":"for the ALLHAT Collaborative Research Group","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_2","unstructured":"ALLHAT Web site.http:\/\/allhat.sph.uth.tmc.edu\/. 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