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In most developed countries, over 50% of young people are in higher education.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Aims:<\/jats:bold> To review the evidence for prevention and early intervention in mental health problems in higher education students. The review was limited to interventions targeted to anxiety, depression and alcohol misuse.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:<\/jats:bold> Interventions to review were identified by searching PubMed, PsycINFO and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Interventions were included if they were designed to specifically prevent or intervene early in the general (non\u2010health professional) higher education student population, in one or more of the following areas: anxiety, depression or alcohol misuse symptoms, mental health literacy, stigma and one or more behavioural outcomes.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:<\/jats:bold> For interventions to prevent or intervene early for alcohol misuse, evidence of effectiveness is strongest for brief motivational interventions and for personalized normative interventions delivered using computers or in individual face\u2010to\u2010face sessions. Few interventions to prevent or intervene early with depression or anxiety were identified. These were mostly face\u2010to\u2010face, cognitive\u2013behavioural\/skill\u2010based interventions. One social marketing intervention to raise awareness of depression and treatments showed some evidence of effectiveness.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:<\/jats:bold> There is very limited evidence that interventions are effective in preventing or intervening early with depression and anxiety disorders in higher education students. Further studies, possibly involving interventions that have shown promise in other populations, are needed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1751-7893.2010.00167.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,3,29]],"date-time":"2010-03-29T04:03:34Z","timestamp":1269835414000},"page":"132-142","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":163,"title":["Prevention and early intervention to improve mental health in higher education students: a review"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Nicola","family":"Reavley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anthony F.","family":"Jorm","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2010,4,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.297.21.2335"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","volume-title":"Reducing Risks for Mental Disorders: Frontiers for Preventive Intervention Research","author":"Mrazek PJ","year":"1994"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","first-page":"168","article-title":"Lifetime prevalence and age\u2010of\u2010onset distributions of mental disorders in the World Health Organization's World Mental Health Survey Initiative","volume":"6","author":"Kessler RC","year":"2007","journal-title":"World Psychiatry"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/e676562010-001"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","unstructured":"BirrellB EdwardsD.Half of Australian youth aged 18\u201320 are not in training.University World NewsNovember2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","volume-title":"The Condition of Education 2009","author":"US Department of Education","year":"2009"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1348\/0007126042369802"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0002-9432.77.4.534"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.282.18.1737"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archpsyc.65.12.1429"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","first-page":"B20","article-title":"The mental health crisis: What colleges must do","volume":"51","author":"Kadison RD","year":"2004","journal-title":"Chron High Educ"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448489909595681"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07448481.1996.9936865"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","first-page":"673","article-title":"Prevalence of psychological distress in university students \u2013 implications for service delivery","volume":"37","author":"Stallman HM","year":"2008","journal-title":"Aust Fam Physician"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","volume-title":"The Mental Health in Students in Higher Education","author":"Royal College of Psychiatrists","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1943-278X.1997.tb00411.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","unstructured":"Australian Education International.2008 Annual International Student Statistics Canberra: Department of Education Employment and Workplace Relations;2009. 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