{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,25]],"date-time":"2026-03-25T18:31:27Z","timestamp":1774463487013,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]],"date-time":"2012-06-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1340064000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Clinical Respiratory J"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:bold>Background:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Many patients present with a mixture of respiratory problems such as shortness of breath, heavy breathing, coughing and odour intolerance. If these patients are diagnosed as asthma, it might sometimes be a false diagnosis. Concepts such as sensory hyperreactivity, hyperventilation, asthma\u2010like symptoms, odour intolerance and dysfunctional breathing are used to refer to these patients. Non\u2010respiratory symptoms such as headache, fatigue and bloating are sometimes also part of the clinical picture. Our aim was to use factor analysis to increase our understanding of breathing\u2010related symptoms in a general\u2010population frame.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> A respiratory questionnaire was answered by 10\u2003108 subjects in a general\u2010population sample. Items aiming to identify individuals with breathing\u2010related symptoms and asthma were included. We used factor analysis with Varimax rotation to extract discriminatory components (i.e. groups of symptoms), based on the questionnaire items. The aim was to find groups of items (factors) as distinct as possible, still allowing overlap and showing the importance of each item in the separated factor.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Five distinct factors were identified in the factor analysis, representing dysfunctional breathing, odour intolerance, asthma, bronchitis and a group with mixed symptoms, respectively. These five factors explained 55% of the variance.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusions:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Based on our findings, we conclude that non\u2010asthmatic breathing\u2010related symptoms may be separated into at least two categories in a general population, odour intolerance and dysfunctional breathing. These two categories seem to be two distinct groups of subjects with breathing\u2010related symptoms and may represent different clinical entities separated from asthma and bronchitis.<\/jats:p><jats:p>Please cite this paper as: Bonde E, Andersson E, Brisman J, Ekl\u00f6f M, Ringsberg KC and Tor\u00e9n K. Dissociation of dysfunctional breathing and odour intolerance among adults in a general\u2010population study. <jats:italic>Clin Respir J<\/jats:italic> 2013; 7: 176\u2013182.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-699x.2012.00299.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,5,24]],"date-time":"2012-05-24T15:16:04Z","timestamp":1337872564000},"page":"176-182","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Dissociation of dysfunctional breathing and odour intolerance among adults in a general\u2010population study"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"7","author":[{"given":"Ellen","family":"Bonde","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eva","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonas","family":"Brisman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mats","family":"Ekl\u00f6f","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Karin C.","family":"Ringsberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kjell","family":"Tor\u00e9n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_2","unstructured":"Global Initiative For Asthma.Pocket guide for asthma management and prevention. Medical Communications Resources Inc. 2006."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijerph8072770"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1998.tb03843.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0091-6749(99)70231-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/rmed.2001.1281"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00420-005-0616-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.pcrj.2004.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0954-6111(99)90049-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.129.6.1623"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2004.039321"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1164\/rccm.200709-1419OC"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thx.2008.104869"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_2","first-page":"192","article-title":"Incidence rate of adult\u2010onset asthma in relation to age, sex, atopy and smoking: a Swedish population\u2010based study of 15813 adults","volume":"3","author":"Tor\u00e9n K","year":"1999","journal-title":"Int J Tuberc Lung Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.104.2.600"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ajim.10083"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5588\/ijtld.11.0288"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_2","volume-title":"The Essentials of Factor Analysis","author":"Child D","year":"1979"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_2","volume-title":"Applied Statistics and the SAS Programming Language","author":"Cody RP","year":"1997"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-699X.2007.00036.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/thorax.58.2.110"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_2","first-page":"90","article-title":"Hyperventilation and dysfunctional breathing","volume":"46","author":"Dixhoorn JV","year":"1997","journal-title":"Biol Psychol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-3999(85)90042-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbmt.2010.06.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/02770903.2011.554942"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1398-9995.1997.tb02596.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/oem.56.2.73"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.288.18.2307"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rmed.2009.07.014"}],"container-title":["The Clinical Respiratory Journal"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1752-699X.2012.00299.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1752-699X.2012.00299.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,18]],"date-time":"2023-10-18T22:42:14Z","timestamp":1697668934000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1752-699X.2012.00299.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2013,1]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1752-699X.2012.00299.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1752-699x.2012.00299.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1752-6981","1752-699X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1752-6981","type":"print"},{"value":"1752-699X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,6,19]]}}}