{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,3]],"date-time":"2026-07-03T10:26:29Z","timestamp":1783074389672,"version":"3.54.6"},"reference-count":33,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177977600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":426,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Public Health Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2006,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p><jats:italic>Objectives: To assess the relationship between neighborhood effects and the severity of dental caries among low\u2010income African\u2010Americans. Methods: A multistage probability sample of African\u2010American families living in the poorest 39 census tracts in Detroit was drawn. During 2002\u201303, cross\u2010sectional data of a cohort that includes 1021 caregivers were collected in the first of three waves of interviews and examinations. Multilevel analyses focused on 27 neighborhood clusters and involved a combination of individual (Level\u20101) and neighborhood (Level\u20102) data including census and geocoded (address matching to census geographic areas) information. Results: There is significant variation in the severity of caries between low\u2010income neighborhood clusters. Caries severity decreases with a higher number of churches, while it increases with a higher number of grocery stores in the clusters after accounting for individual characteristics. Only 14% of the inter\u2010individual variability in caries was explained by classical individual risk factors for this condition. Conclusion: Neighborhoods contribute something unique to caregivers' oral health, beyond socioeconomic position and individual risk factors. Multilevel interventions are necessary to reduce disparities among African\u2010Americans and churches may offer a promising venue from which to conduct them<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.2006.tb02548.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,1]],"date-time":"2007-05-01T07:26:54Z","timestamp":1178004414000},"page":"30-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":85,"title":["Assessment of the Relationship between Neighborhood Characteristics and Dental Caries Severity among Low\u2010Income African\u2010Americans: A Multilevel Approach"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Marisol","family":"Tellez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Woosung","family":"Sohn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian A.","family":"Burt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Amid I.","family":"Ismail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1467-9566.00275"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_2","first-page":"230","article-title":"Social conditions as fundamental causes of disease","author":"Link BG","year":"1995","journal-title":"J Health and Soc Behav"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a114637"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2337\/diacare.25.11.1976"},{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_2_1_6_2","first-page":"395","article-title":"Area characteristics and individual\u2010level socioeconomic position indicators in three population\u2010based epiemiologic studies","volume":"30","author":"Diez\u2010Roux AV","year":"2001","journal-title":"Aerratum appears in AEP."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/155.6.507"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf207"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2105\/AJPH.91.9.1487"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0277-9536(01)00266-0"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_1_11_2","first-page":"987","article-title":"Neighborhood effects influencing reproductive health of Chilean women","volume":"131","author":"Merrino J","year":"2003","journal-title":"Revista Medica Chilena."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0722.2001.00022.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_2","volume-title":"Social Epidemiology","author":"Kawachi I","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_2","volume-title":"Social Determinants of Health","author":"Marmot MG","year":"1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/aje\/kwf170"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2003.20936.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_2","volume-title":"Religion in the Lives of African Americans","author":"Taylor RJ","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1525-1497.2003.21031.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000077769"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/4593265"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_2","unstructured":"Census Data 2000. 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