{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T10:50:28Z","timestamp":1777459828851,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,8]],"date-time":"2012-11-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1352332800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J Public Health Dent"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Objective<\/jats:title><jats:p>To examine risk factors for non\u2010cavitated caries, as well as cavitated caries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Subjects were participants in the<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">I<\/jats:styled-content>owa<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">F<\/jats:styled-content>luoride<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">S<\/jats:styled-content>tudy cohort. Dietary data were collected at 36, 48, and 60 months old using 3\u2010day dietary diaries, and a dental examination was conducted at about age 5. We compared the frequencies of dietary intakes of three groups: a) children having only d<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>caries (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200941); b) children having only cavitated (d<jats:sub>2+<\/jats:sub>f) caries (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200946); and c) children having both d<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>and d<jats:sub>2+<\/jats:sub>f caries (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u200949) with a forth group; d) those of caries\u2010free children (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009257).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Multinomial and binomial logistic regression was used, where the categorical outcome was based on the 4 caries groups, and the caries\u2010free group was designated as the reference. In the final model, sevenvariables were associated with the caries outcome. Lower milk consumption frequency at meals and greater presweetened cereal consumption frequency at meals were significantly associated with a greater likelihood of being in the d<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>group. Greater regular soda pop consumption frequency and greater added sugar consumption frequency at snacks were significantly associated with being in the cavitated caries (d<jats:sub>2+<\/jats:sub>f and\/or d<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>d<jats:sub>2+<\/jats:sub>f) groups. Lower socioeconomic status and less frequent toothbrushing increased the likelihood of being in the d<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>group.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The results suggest that different food and beverage categories are associated with being in the d<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub>group compared with the cavitated caries groups. More frequent toothbrushing, greater milk consumption at meals, and avoiding presweetened cereal consumption at meals might reduce the risk of developing non\u2010cavitated caries.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1752-7325.2012.00376.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,11,8]],"date-time":"2012-11-08T09:41:17Z","timestamp":1352367677000},"page":"265-273","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["The associations between dietary intakes from 36 to 60 months of age and primary dentition non\u2010cavitated caries and cavitated caries"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"75","author":[{"given":"Oitip","family":"Chankanka","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive Dentistry Faculty of Dentistry Prince of Songkla University Hadyai, Songkhla Thailand"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry College of Dentistry University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology College of Public Health University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teresa A.","family":"Marshall","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry College of Dentistry University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph E.","family":"Cavanaugh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics College of Public Health University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"John J.","family":"Warren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry College of Dentistry University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Barbara","family":"Broffitt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Preventive and Community Dentistry College of Dentistry University of Iowa Iowa City IA USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Justine L.","family":"Kolker","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Operative Dentistry College of Dentistry University of Iowa Iowa City IA 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