{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,10]],"date-time":"2025-12-10T12:14:30Z","timestamp":1765368870536},"reference-count":30,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]],"date-time":"2012-09-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1348531200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Med Imag Rad Onc"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Treatment of gastric variceal rupture remains difficult with current options including transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt and endoscopic therapies having significant side effects or reduced efficacy. We report five cases of gastric varices that were successfully treated with balloon\u2010occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration of varices (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRTO<\/jats:styled-content>) using Polidocanol foam as an alternative sclerosant to ethanolamine oleate.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Patients were recruited with cirrhotic liver disease, a history of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and large gastric fundal varices confirmed on gastroscopy and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> venogram. <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRTO<\/jats:styled-content> was performed as a same\u2010day procedure using a balloon catheter inserted via a gastro\u2010renal shunt with Polidocanol foam injected and a balloon inflated for 2\u2009h. Follow\u2010up was with repeat <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> portovenogram, gastroscopy at 6 weeks post\u2010procedure, and in a gastroenterology liver clinic at 1\u2010 to 3\u2010month intervals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Between <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">J<\/jats:styled-content>anuary and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">D<\/jats:styled-content>ecember 2009, five patients safely underwent <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRTO<\/jats:styled-content> therapy of gastric varices without complication. At 6 weeks following the procedure, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy showed complete resolution of varices in 5 out of 5 patients, while <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">CT<\/jats:styled-content> portovenography showed resolution of varices in 4 out of 5 patients, with results in the last patient inconclusive. Clinical follow\u2010up at 1, 3 and 6 months indicated no further episodes of bleeding.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>Our study further supports the use of foam sclerosants including Polidocanol in <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">BRTO<\/jats:styled-content>, showing it is a safe and effective minimally\u2010invasive procedure to treat gastric fundal varices in the short term.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1754-9485.2012.02453.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,25]],"date-time":"2012-09-25T20:44:29Z","timestamp":1348605869000},"page":"599-605","update-policy":"http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Variant treatment for gastric varices with polidocanol foam using balloon\u2010occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration: A pilot 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