{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,8]],"date-time":"2026-01-08T09:16:50Z","timestamp":1767863810858,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3-4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,4,20]],"date-time":"2007-04-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1177027200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>A single\u2010step duplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique and traditional microscopic examination of haemolymph smears were used to detect <jats:italic>Babesia bigemina<\/jats:italic> and\/or <jats:italic>Babesia bovis<\/jats:italic> infection in engorged female ticks of <jats:italic>Boophilus microplus<\/jats:italic> recovered from calves raised in an endemic area of the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil. In the PCR amplification of tick\u2010derived DNA, pairs of oligonucleotide primers specific for a 278\u2010bp sequence from <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic> and for a 350\u2010bp sequence from <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic> were used conjointly. The microscopic examination of haemolymph revealed that 16.7% of the engorged ticks were infected with <jats:italic>Babesia<\/jats:italic> spp., although no significant differences (\u03c1\u2003&gt;\u20030.05) were found in the infection rate of ticks collected from calves of different age groups. PCR analysis showed that 77.8% of the engorged ticks whose haemolymph contained sporokinetes were infected with <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic>, 7.8% with <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic> and 14.4% with both protozoan species. However, the PCR assay further revealed that, amongst the engorged female ticks whose haemolymph was apparently negative for the presence of sporokinetes, 15.6% were infected with <jats:italic>B. bigemina<\/jats:italic>, 2.2% with <jats:italic>B. bovis<\/jats:italic> and 10.0% with both species. The duplex PCR method is thus more efficient and sensitive than the microscopic assay and also permits facile identification of the protozoa species present in engorged female ticks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2007.01037.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,5,4]],"date-time":"2007-05-04T00:09:51Z","timestamp":1178237391000},"page":"147-151","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Comparison of Duplex PCR and Microscopic Techniques for the Identification of <i>Babesia bigemina<\/i> and <i>Babesia bovis<\/i> in Engorged Female Ticks of <i>Boophilus microplus<\/i>"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"54","author":[{"given":"M. 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