{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T04:20:02Z","timestamp":1791519602908,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,11]],"date-time":"2008-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1202688000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>In a representative study, 380 manure samples of pig farms distributed all over Bavaria (Germany) were screened for the presence of <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> spp<jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic> at the time of manure application to soil using methods adapted to DIN EN ISO 6579. The isolates were tested according to DIN 58940 for their susceptibility towards 26 antimicrobial substances \u2013 such substances partly administered in animals, but mainly used in human therapy. Six out of 380 manure samples and, in addition, the only separated liquid manure sample examined, contained <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates. Serotypes represented <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20035), <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Derby (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20031) and <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Infantis\/<jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Serogroup C1\u2010(6,7:r:\u2010)\u2010form (each <jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20031). Within the serovar <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium, the most common phage type was DT104 (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20033). All <jats:italic>Salmonella<\/jats:italic> isolates originated from \u2018big\u2019 farms (&gt;30\/45 sows on combined\/breeding farms or &gt;220 fattening pigs). Four out of six manure samples contained resistant isolates; all resistant Salmonellae were multi\u2010resistant. Two out of three DT104\u2010isolates showed the typical penta\u2010resistance pattern often found in <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium DT104, which was, furthermore, supplemented by other resistances. One <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic> isolated together with a phage type DT104 <jats:italic>S.<\/jats:italic> Typhimurium also expressed the same penta\u2010resistance pattern.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2007.01102.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,11]],"date-time":"2008-02-11T11:29:23Z","timestamp":1202729363000},"page":"133-138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":29,"title":["<i>Salmonella<\/i> spp<i>.<\/i> in Bavarian Liquid Pig Manure: Occurrence and Relevance for the Distribution of Antibiotic Resistance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"55","author":[{"given":"C.","family":"H\u00f6lzel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Bauer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,2,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1472-765X.2005.01710.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","volume-title":"Epidemiological Investigation into the Occurrence of Salmonella in Saxonian Fattened Pigs with Meat Juice ELISA and Bacteriological Culture according to \u00a7 35 LMBG","author":"Ahrens A.","year":"2002"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Epidemiologische Situation der Zoonosen in Deutschland im Jahr 2003","author":"Alpers K.","year":"2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","volume-title":"UK 2000 Zoonoses Report","author":"Anonymous","year":"2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.67.6.2859-2862.2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1348","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.5.1348-1351.1999","article-title":"Detection of multidrug\u2010resistant Salmonella enterica serotype typhimurium DT104 based on a gene which confers cross\u2010resistance to florfenicol and chloramphenicol","volume":"37","author":"Bolton L. 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