{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,2]],"date-time":"2026-10-02T19:21:36Z","timestamp":1790968896850,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":27,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"s2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]],"date-time":"2012-09-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1346976000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    In 2009, 1462\n                    <jats:italic>Escherichia coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates were collected in a systematic resistance monitoring approach from primary production, slaughterhouses and at retail and evaluated on the basis of epidemiological cut\u2010off values. Besides resistance to antimicrobial classes that have been extensively used for a long time (e.g. sulphonamides and tetracyclines), resistance to (fluoro)quinolones and third\u2010generation cephalosporins was observed. While in the poultry production chain the majority (60%) of isolates from laying hens was susceptible to all antimicrobials tested, most isolates from broilers, chicken meat and turkey meat showed resistance to at least one (85\u201393%) but frequently even to several antimicrobial classes (73\u201384%). In the cattle and pig production chain, the share of isolates showing resistance to at least one antimicrobial was lowest (16%) in dairy cows, whereas resistance to at least one antimicrobial ranged between 43% and 73% in veal calves, veal and pork. Resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and nalidixic acid in isolates from broilers were 41.1% and 43.1%, respectively. Likewise, high resistance rates to (fluoro)quinolones were observed in isolates from chicken meat and turkey meat. In contrast, ciprofloxacin resistance was less frequent in\n                    <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates from the cattle and pig production chain with highest rate in veal calves (13.3%). Highest resistance rates to cephalosporins were observed in broilers and chicken meat, with 5.9% and 6.2% of the isolates showing resistance. In dairy cattle and veal, no isolates with cephalosporin resistance were detected, whereas 3.3% of the isolates from veal calves showed resistance to ceftazidime. Resistance to (fluoro)quinolones and cephalosporins in\n                    <jats:italic>E.\u00a0coli<\/jats:italic>\n                    isolates is of special concern because they are critically important antimicrobials in human antimicrobial therapy. The emergence of this resistance warrants increased monitoring. Together with continuous monitoring of antimicrobial usage, management strategies should be regularly assessed and adapted.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2011.01451.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]],"date-time":"2012-09-07T08:04:00Z","timestamp":1347005040000},"page":"158-165","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":59,"title":["Emerging Antimicrobial Resistance in Commensal\n                    <i>Escherichia coli<\/i>\n                    with Public Health Relevance"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Kaesbohrer","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Schroeter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.\u2010A.","family":"Tenhagen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K.","family":"Alt","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Guerra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Appel","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,9,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0924-8579(99)90059-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_1","unstructured":"Aarestrup F. M. F.Patrick andG.Kahlmeter 2007:Antimicrobial susceptibility testing Clinical break points and epidemiological cut\u2010off values. Newsletter CRL\u2010AR \u2013 No 2 November 2007. Available at:http:\/\/www.crl\u2010ar.eu\/_pdf\/newsletters\/11%2007%20Newsletter%20No%20%202.pdf."},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_2_10_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"369","DOI":"10.7883\/yoken.JJID.2005.369","article-title":"Correlation between the usage volume of veterinary therapeutic antimicrobials and resistance in Escherichia coli isolated from the faeces of food\u2010producing animals in Japan","volume":"58","author":"Asai T.","year":"2005","journal-title":"Jpn. J. Infect. 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Available at:http:\/\/ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/activities\/surveillance\/EARS\u2010Net\/Documents\/2008_EARSS_Annual_Report.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_1","unstructured":"European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) 2010:Antimicrobial resistance surveillance in Europe 2009. Annual Report of the European Antimicrobial Resistance Surveillance Network (EARS\u2010Net). Stockholm. Available at:http:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/publications\/Publications\/1011_SUR_annual_EARS_Net_2009.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The Community Summary Report on Trends and Sources of Zoonoses, Zoonotic Agents, Antimicrobial resistance and Foodborne outbreaks in the European Union in 2006","volume":"130","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","year":"2007","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1469-0691.2008.02000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Report from the Task Force on Zoonoses Data Collection including guidance for harmonized monitoring and reporting of antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli and Enterococcus spp. from food animals","volume":"141","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","year":"2008","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_16_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Scientific Opinion of the Panel on Biological Hazards on a request from the European Food Safety Authority on foodborne antimicrobial resistance as a biological hazard","volume":"765","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","year":"2008","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1372","DOI":"10.2903\/j.efsa.2009.1372","article-title":"Joint opinion on antimicrobial resistance (AMR) focused on zoonotic infections","volume":"7","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","year":"2009","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_18_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"European Union summary report on antimicrobial resistance in zoonotic and indicator bacteria from animals and food in the European Union in 2009","volume":"9","author":"European Food Safety Authority (EFSA)","year":"2011","journal-title":"EFSA J."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_19_1","unstructured":"FAO\/WHO\/OIE 2008:Joint FAO\/OIE\/WHO expert meeting on critically important antimicrobials. Report of a meeting held in FAO Rome Italy November 2007 Geneva Switzerland. Available at:http:\/\/www.who.int\/foodborne_disease\/resources\/Report_CIA_Meeting.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_2_10_20_1","volume-title":"The Human Health Impact of Fluoroquinolone Resistant Campylobacter Attributed to the Consumption of Chicken","author":"Food and Drug Administration (FDA)","year":"2001"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkg362"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2010\/180682"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/424570"},{"issue":"41","key":"e_1_2_10_24_1","first-page":"39","article-title":"Monitoring of antimicrobial resistance on the basis of the EU Zoonoses Directive","volume":"296","author":"Kaesbohrer A.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Int. J. Med. 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