{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,12]],"date-time":"2026-03-12T03:53:18Z","timestamp":1773287598208,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":49,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]],"date-time":"2012-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1331510400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Summary<\/jats:title><jats:p>This study describes the isolation and characterization of methicillin\u2010resistant <jats:italic>Staphylococcus aureus<\/jats:italic> (MRSA) from slaughtered pigs sampled from local markets in Hong Kong. The nares of 400 slaughtered pigs were cultured and MRSA isolates characterized for the presence of antibiotic\u2010resistance determinants, toxins and SCC<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic> and <jats:italic>spa<\/jats:italic> types using PCR. Clonality was investigated using PFGE and MLST. The prevalence of MRSA colonization of slaughter pigs was 39.3%, the majority (92%) harbouring SCC<jats:italic>mec<\/jats:italic> type IVb. Of the 157 samples yielding MRSA, 13 had two distinct MRSA strains present. <jats:italic>Spa<\/jats:italic> type t899 was predominant, with only 5\/170 isolates displaying closely related types (t4474, t1939, t2922 and t5390). PFGE with <jats:italic>sma<\/jats:italic>1 and MLST confirmed the strains as ST9. Most isolates were multidrug resistant. Tetracycline resistance (97%) was mainly attributable to <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>(K) with only 3% of isolates additionally harbouring <jats:italic>tet<\/jats:italic>(M). Resistance to erythromycin (89%) and chloramphenicol (71%) was associated with the presence of <jats:italic>erm<\/jats:italic>(C), and <jats:italic>fex<\/jats:italic><jats:styled-content>(<\/jats:styled-content>A), respectively. No strains carried <jats:italic>cfr<\/jats:italic> and there was no resistance to linezolid, although minimum inhibitory concentration (MICs) were close to the resistance break point. Resistance to clindamycin (99%), ciprofloxacin(78%), quinopristin\u2013dalfopristin (44%) and cotrimoxazole (32%) was common, but remained low for fusidic acid (4%) and rifampicin (2%). All strains were negative for PVL, exfoliative, and enterotoxins. This survey confirmed the uniformity of MRSA isolates in pigs from several regions of China, in contrast to more diversified characteristics reported in European studies. Colonization rates were higher than previously reported. Isolates were resistant to a wide range of antibiotics, but resistance was not detected to linezolid, nitrofurantoin, vancomycin or tigecycline. Although the clinical importance of ST9 in humans is uncertain, continued surveillance, in particular of those occupationally\u2010exposed, is recommended.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01473.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]],"date-time":"2012-03-12T09:27:28Z","timestamp":1331544448000},"page":"416-423","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["Characterization of Methicillin\u2010Resistant <i>Staphylococcus aureus<\/i> Isolates from Pig Carcasses in Hong Kong"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"59","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Ho","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"O\u2019Donoghue","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"L.","family":"Guardabassi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Moodley","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Boost","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.10.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp244"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1105.040866"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijfoodmicro.2008.12.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01228-06"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.00058-10"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810000245"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","volume-title":"Performance Standards for Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing","author":"Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute","year":"2010"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp275"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.01.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1008","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1008-1015.2000","article-title":"Multilocus sequence typing for characterisation of methicillin\u2010resistant and methicillin\u2010susceptible clones of Staphylococcus aureus","volume":"38","author":"Enright M. C.","year":"2000","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkq021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/fpd.2010.0610"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0010990"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.3.1361-1365.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.03.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1512.090378"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.12.5442-5448.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"19542","DOI":"10.2807\/ese.15.16.19542-en","article-title":"Prevalence and characteristics of meticillin\u2010resistant Staphylococcus aureus in humans in contact with farm animals, in livestock, and in food of animal origin, Switzerland 2009","volume":"15","author":"Huber H.","year":"2010","journal-title":"Euro. Surveill."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2010.01353.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tvjl.2009.10.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-6701(97)90168-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jac\/dkp350"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.50.4.1156-1163.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2007.10.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2010.04.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1312.070384"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AAC.49.11.4798-4800.2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1604.091584"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","first-page":"132","article-title":"Occurrence of MRSA in pigs and in humans involved in pig production \u2013 preliminary results of a study in the northwest of Germany","volume":"115","author":"Meemken D.","year":"2008","journal-title":"Dtsch. Tier\u00e4rztl. Wochenschr."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2009.01313.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.3.1032-1035.2000"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0950268810000075"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01363-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2006.10.027"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"967","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.30.4.967-973.1992","article-title":"DNA fingerprinting by pulsed\u2010field gel electrophoresis is more effective than ribotyping in distinguishing amongst methicillin\u2010resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolates","volume":"30","author":"Prevost G.","year":"1992","journal-title":"J. Clin. Microbiol."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/AEM.01110-08"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2164-11-376"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/jmm.0.46072-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0004258"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.41.9.4089-4094.2003"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.33.9.2233-2239.1995"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1112.050428"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.vetmic.2009.06.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","unstructured":"Willems G. M.Dispas O.Denis M.Hallin C.Suetens B.Gordts M.Struelens andP.Butaye 2007:Prevalence of MRSA from pigs in Belgium. 2nd Symposium on Antimicrobial Resistance in Animals and the Environment 17 \u2013 19 December Tours France."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1212.060355"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.43.10.5026-5033.2005"}],"container-title":["Zoonoses and Public Health"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1863-2378.2012.01473.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01473.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,30]],"date-time":"2023-10-30T07:36:03Z","timestamp":1698651363000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01473.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]]},"references-count":49,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2012,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01473.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1863-2378.2012.01473.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1863-1959","1863-2378"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1863-1959","type":"print"},{"value":"1863-2378","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2012,3,12]]}}}