{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,27]],"date-time":"2026-06-27T03:38:36Z","timestamp":1782531516732,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]],"date-time":"2007-02-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1171411200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":13,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2007,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> During the 1990s, a changing pattern of epidemiology of hepatitis A was reported in different populations of India. The present study was undertaken to investigate the molecular epidemiology of hepatitis A virus (HAV) strains over a period of 10 years.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Stool\/serum samples were collected from hepatitis A patients clinically presenting acute viral hepatitis and hepatic encephalopathy. Reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) was performed to detect HAV\u2010RNA. HAV genomes were examined by sequencing PCR products of VP1\/2A junction (168 bp) and RNA polymerase (116 bp) regions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Subgenotype IIIA and IB were detected in 74.2% and 9.7% of specimens, respectively, while 16.1% of patients had mixed infections. Sewage samples also showed presence of both IIIA (9\/10) and IB (1\/10) subgenotypes. RNA polymerase region showed two clusters constituting 51.6% and 19.4% strains closer to Nor21 and HM175 strains, respectively, in clinical specimens. Three isolates appeared as discordant subgenotypes in VP1\/2A and RNA polymerase regions.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The data revealed cocirculation of and coinfection with subgenotypes IIIA and IB, with predominance of IIIA and genetic heterogeneity of HAV strains in western India.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034x.2007.00025.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,9,15]],"date-time":"2010-09-15T13:48:49Z","timestamp":1284558529000},"page":"85-93","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Cocirculation of and coinfections with hepatitis A virus subgenotypes IIIA and IB in patients from Pune, western India"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"37","author":[{"given":"Shobha","family":"Chitambar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Madhuri","family":"Joshi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kavita","family":"Lole","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Atul","family":"Walimbe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Vaidya","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2007,2,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","first-page":"13","article-title":"Structure and biology of hepatitis A virus","author":"Siegl G","year":"1982","journal-title":"Viral Hepatitis"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Viral Hepatitis and Liver Disease","author":"Siegl G","year":"1988"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.87.8.2867"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-73-6-1365"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890360208"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.hepres.2005.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"243","article-title":"Indigenous anti\u2010hepatitis A virus IgM capture ELISA for the diagnosis of hepatitis A","volume":"99","author":"Chitambar SD","year":"1994","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(00)00104-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"115","article-title":"Cultivation of buffalo green monkey kidney cells persistently infected with hepatitis A virus","volume":"99","author":"Chitambar SD","year":"1994","journal-title":"Indian J Med Res"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/nar\/25.24.4876"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/bib\/5.2.150"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"50","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.61.1.50-59.1987","article-title":"Complete nucleotide sequence of wild\u2010type hepatitis A virus. 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