{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,14]],"date-time":"2025-11-14T17:11:11Z","timestamp":1763140271149,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,16]],"date-time":"2007-11-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1195171200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:p><jats:bold>Aim:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Because the procedure of balloon\u2010occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration (B\u2010RTO) causes extensive thrombosis of the major shunt that connects the spleen and gastric\/renal venous systems, an increase in portal pressure is unavoidable. The aim of the present study was to assess the long\u2010term outcome of B\u2010RTO, including changes in esophageal varices.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Methods:\u2002<\/jats:bold> B\u2010RTO was conducted in 22 patients with gastric varices, who were divided according to the severity of esophageal varices at baseline; there were no esophageal varices (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20037), F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> varices (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u200311), and F<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> varices (<jats:italic>n<\/jats:italic>\u2003=\u20034). The outcome measures included the development\/worsening of esophageal varices after B\u2010RTO and survival rates.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Results:\u2002<\/jats:bold> The cumulative bleeding\u2010free probability for all 22 patients at 3\u2003years after B\u2010RTO was 100%. The overall 3\u2010year survival was 94.4%. Seven patients who had no esophageal varices prior to B\u2010RTO did not develop any after the procedure. Seven (63.6%) of the 11 patients with stage F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> esophageal varices prior to B\u2010RTO showed no changes in the varices after B\u2010RTO, while two patients progressed to F<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> varices and two developed F<jats:sub>3<\/jats:sub> varices. The cumulative treatment\u2010free probability of the esophageal varices at 24\u2003months after B\u2010RTO was 100% for patients without esophageal varices at baseline, 80.8% for patients with pre\u2010existing F<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> varices, and 75% for those with pre\u2010existing F<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> varices.<\/jats:p><jats:p><jats:bold>Conclusion:\u2002<\/jats:bold> Although the B\u2010RTO procedure is considered useful for the treatment of gastric varices, changes in hemodynamics due to obliteration of this major shunt must be taken into account and observed closely.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034x.2007.00282.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,11,17]],"date-time":"2007-11-17T10:17:48Z","timestamp":1195294668000},"page":"340-347","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":17,"title":["Long\u2010term follow up of esophageal varices after balloon\u2010occluded retrograde transvenous obliteration for gastric 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