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However, the mechanism by which Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to protects hepatocytes against hepatic fibrosis and carcinoma is not yet known. Basic science studies have demonstrated that Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to reduces hepatocyte necrosis and enhances liver function. Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to significantly inhibits hepatic fibrosis by inhibiting the activation of stellate cells, the major producers of collagen in the liver, as well as by inhibiting hepatic lipid peroxidation, promoting matrix degradation, and suppressing extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation. Furthermore, clinical trials have shown that Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to lowers the rate of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development in patients with cirrhosis and increases the survival of patients with HCC. Unfortunately, some case reports have shown the side effects of Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to. Most of the side effects were interstitial pneumonia and acute respiratory failure induced by Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to in Japan. As a result of analyzing these case reports, the incidence and risk are increased by co\u2010administration of interferon, duration of medication, and, high in an elderly population. This review discusses the properties of Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to with regards to the treatment of chronic liver diseases and suggests the side effects of Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034x.2011.00829.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,18]],"date-time":"2011-06-18T01:37:36Z","timestamp":1308361056000},"page":"825-837","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Therapeutic effects of the oriental herbal medicine Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to on liver cirrhosis and carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Jun\u2010Kyoung","family":"Lee","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jung\u2010Hoon","family":"Kim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hyeun Kyoo","family":"Shin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,6,17]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1055\/s-2007-969180"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1248\/bpb.16.782"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0378-8741(95)01235-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_5_2","first-page":"129","article-title":"Effect of Syo\u2010saiko\u2010to and Dai\u2010saiko\u2010to on carbon tetrachloride\u2010induced hepatic injury in rats","volume":"5","author":"Amagaya S","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Med Pharm Soc Wakan Yaku"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_6_2","first-page":"137","article-title":"Effect of Syo\u2010saiko\u2010to on liver regeneration in partially hepatectomized rats","volume":"5","author":"Amagaya S","year":"1988","journal-title":"J Med Pharm Soc Wakan Yaku"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1142\/S0192415X04001862"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/BF00199765"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1254\/jjp.41.307"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_10_2","first-page":"793","article-title":"Acute and subacute toxicity of Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to","volume":"33","author":"Sameshima H","year":"1987","journal-title":"Pharmacometrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_11_2","first-page":"19","article-title":"A subchronic (3\u2010month) oral toxicity study of Tsumura Sho\u2010saiko\u2010to (TJ\u20109) in rats via oral gavage administration with a 4\u2010weeks recovery period","volume":"43","author":"Minematsu S","year":"1992","journal-title":"Pharmacometrics"},{"key":"e_1_2_10_12_2","unstructured":"SasakiH.Kampo medicine products in japan.International Senior Forum of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Botanical Products. 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