{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,11,5]],"date-time":"2026-11-05T21:46:14Z","timestamp":1793915174888,"version":"4.8.0"},"reference-count":10,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,28]],"date-time":"2011-08-28T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1314489600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The diagnostic criteria of fulminant hepatitis in Japan are different from those of acute liver failure in Europe and the United States, both in regard to the histological features in the liver and the cutoff values of the prothrombin time. Thus, the Intractable Hepato\u2010Biliary Disease Study Group established novel diagnostic criteria for \u201cacute liver failure\u201d in Japan based on the demographic and clinical features of the patients. Patients showing prothrombin time values of 40% or less of the standardized values or international normalized ratios of 1.5 or more caused by severe liver damage within 8\u2003weeks of onset of the symptoms are diagnosed as having \u201cacute liver failure\u201d, where the liver function prior to the current onset of liver damage is estimated to be normal. Acute liver failure is classified into \u201cacute liver failure without hepatic coma\u201d and \u201cacute liver failure with hepatic coma,\u201d depending on the severity of the hepatic encephalopathy; the latter is further classified into two types, the \u201cacute type\u201d and the \u201csubacute type\u201d, in which grade II or more severe hepatic coma develops within 10\u2003days and between 11 and 56\u2003days, respectively, after the onset of disease symptoms. Patients without histological findings of hepatitis, such as those with liver damage caused by drug toxicity, circulatory disturbance or metabolic disease, are also included in the disease entity of \u201cacute liver failure\u201d, while acute\u2010on\u2010chronic liver injuries, such as liver injury caused by alcohol, are excluded. A nationwide survey of \u201cacute liver failure\u201d in Japan based on the novel criteria is proposed.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034x.2011.00860.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,31]],"date-time":"2011-08-31T15:11:58Z","timestamp":1314803518000},"page":"805-812","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":120,"title":["Diagnostic criteria of acute liver failure: A report by the Intractable Hepato\u2010Biliary Diseases Study Group of Japan"],"prefix":"10.1111","volume":"41","author":[{"given":"Satoshi","family":"Mochida","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yasuhiro","family":"Takikawa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nobuaki","family":"Nakayama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Makoto","family":"Oketani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Naiki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yoshiyuki","family":"Yamagishi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Takafumi","family":"Ichida","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hirohito","family":"Tsubouchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,28]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2008.00322.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20703"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","volume-title":"Hepatitis Type A and Fulminant Hepatitis","author":"The Proceedings of the 12th Inuyama Symposium","year":"1982"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2008.00368.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060222"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Annual Report of the Study Group of Intractable Hepato\u2010Biliary Study Group in Japan Supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. 2006","author":"Tsubouchi H","year":"2004"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","first-page":"90","volume-title":"Annual Report of the Study Group of Intractable Hepato\u2010Biliary Study Group in Japan Supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. 2007","author":"Tsubouchi H","year":"2005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Annual Report of the Study Group of Intractable Hepato\u2010Biliary Study Group in Japan Supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. 2008","author":"Tsubouchi H","year":"2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","first-page":"83","volume-title":"Annual Report of the Study Group of Intractable Hepato\u2010Biliary Study Group in Japan Supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. 2009","author":"Tsubouchi H","year":"2007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"95","volume-title":"Annual Report of the Study Group of Intractable Hepato\u2010Biliary Study Group in Japan Supported by the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare. 2010","author":"Tsubouchi H","year":"2008"}],"container-title":["Hepatology Research"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1111%2Fj.1872-034X.2011.00860.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2011.00860.x","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,14]],"date-time":"2023-10-14T21:32:02Z","timestamp":1697319122000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2011.00860.x"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,28]]},"references-count":10,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1111\/j.1872-034X.2011.00860.x"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1111\/j.1872-034x.2011.00860.x","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1386-6346","1872-034X"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1386-6346","type":"print"},{"value":"1872-034X","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,28]]}}}