{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,5]],"date-time":"2026-02-05T06:45:21Z","timestamp":1770273921705,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Oxford University Press (OUP)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]],"date-time":"2008-01-01T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1199145600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/academic.oup.com\/journals\/pages\/open_access\/funder_policies\/chorus\/standard_publication_model"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Background<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Sodium phosphate (NaP) is a low-volume, hyperosmolar laxative that is an effective bowel-cleansing agent in humans.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Hypothesis<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>NaP will be as safe and efficacious as polyethylene glycol (PEG) bowel preparation for colonoscopy in dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Animals<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Eight purpose-bred healthy dogs.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>In phase I, standard (NaP and enemas; NaP1) and control preparations (PEG and enemas) were compared in a crossover design to determine the safety and efficacy of NaP. Serial clinical and serum analytical evaluations were used to determine the safety of NaP. In phase II, the efficacy of the standard NaP preparation was compared with 3 other NaP variations, which excluded enema or included bisacodyl, with or without enemas in a crossover design. An observer blinded to the bowel preparation assigned a score of 1\u20134 (1=clean colon; 4=unacceptable colon cleansing preventing adequate endoscopic evaluation) to each of 5 regions of the colon.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Results<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>The mean total colon cleansing score (TCS), defined as the sum of scores from each region, of the control (9.4) was less than NaP1 (13.6) (P &amp;lt; 0.05). There were no significant differences in regional or TCS for the remaining 4 NaP protocols. NaP1 resulted in moderate, but clinically occult, hyperphosphatemia and hypocalcemia, which resolved within 24 hours.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>\n                  <jats:sec>\n                    <jats:title>Conclusions and Clinical Importance<\/jats:title>\n                    <jats:p>Despite the safety and ease of administration of the NaP preparations, the NaP bowel-cleansing preparations used in this study cannot be recommended for use because of the inadequate quality of bowel preparation compared with the protocol using PEG-containing fluids.<\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2007.0025.x","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,12,11]],"date-time":"2008-12-11T15:41:44Z","timestamp":1229010104000},"page":"31-36","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Safety and Efficacy of Oral Low-Volume Sodium Phosphate Bowel Preparation for Colonoscopy in Dogs"],"prefix":"10.1093","volume":"22","author":[{"given":"M.A.","family":"Daugherty","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Department of Clinical Sciences, , Athens, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"M.S.","family":"Leib","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Department of Clinical Sciences, , Athens, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.H.","family":"Rossmeisl","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Department of Clinical Sciences, , Athens, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"F.S.","family":"Almy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Maryland Regional College of Veterinary Medicine, Virginia Tech , Blacksburg, VA"},{"name":"University of Georgia Department of Pathology College of Veterinary Medicine, , Athens, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"D.L.","family":"Ward","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia Department Biomedical Sciences and Pathobiology, , Athens, GA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"286","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,1,1]]},"reference":[{"key":"2026020304155185900_b1","first-page":"221","volume-title":"Small Animal Endoscopy","author":"Willard","year":"1999","edition":"2nd ed"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1229","DOI":"10.1016\/S0195-5616(90)50302-2","article-title":"Endoscopy of the lower gastrointestinal tract","volume":"20","author":"Jones","year":"1990","journal-title":"Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b3","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1719","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1989.195.12.1719","article-title":"Evaluation of a colonic lavage solution to prepare the colon of the dog for colonoscopy","volume":"195","author":"Burrows","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b4","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1727","DOI":"10.2460\/javma.1989.195.12.1727","article-title":"Comparison of an orally administered gastrointestinal lavage solution with traditional enema administration as preparation for colonoscopy in dogs","volume":"195","author":"Richter","year":"1989","journal-title":"J Am Vet Med Assoc"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b5","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"642","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1939-1676.2004.tb02599.x","article-title":"Complications associated with 355 flexible colonoscopic procedures in dogs","volume":"18","author":"Leib","year":"2004","journal-title":"J Vet Intern Med"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b6","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"276","DOI":"10.1016\/S0016-5107(98)70191-9","article-title":"Meta-analysis and cost comparison of 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bypass","volume":"42","author":"Ehrenpreis","year":"1997","journal-title":"Dig Dis Sci"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b10","first-page":"114","volume-title":"Strombeck's Small Animal Gastroenterology","author":"Guilford","year":"1996","edition":"3rd ed"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b11","first-page":"785","volume-title":"Textbook of Medical Physiology","author":"Guyton","year":"2006","edition":"11th ed"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b12","first-page":"1319","article-title":"Measurement of serum electrolytes and phosphate after sodium phosphate colonoscopy bowel preparation","volume":"50","author":"Ainley","year":"2005","journal-title":"An evaluation"},{"key":"2026020304155185900_b13","first-page":"103","article-title":"Severe hyperphosphatemia following phosphate administration for bowel preparation in patients with renal failure","volume":"29","author":"Fine","year":"1997","journal-title":"Two cases and a review of the 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